Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319154639
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Co
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Chapter 24, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Neurons have a cell body containing the cellular machinery needed for the normal metabolic activities of the cell.
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All of the following factors contribute to a polarized membrane EXCEPT which?
a. Negative ions such as chlorine become concentrated inside the neuron.
b. Negatively charged proteins and potassium ions are concentrated inside the neuron.
c. A sodium–potassium exchange pump moves sodium out of and potassium into a neuron.
d. Sodium ions become more concentrated inside the neuron and potassium ions become more concentrated outside the neuron.
What part of the membrane composition of a neuron is most important for the permeability of the membrane to various ions?
Group of answer choices
a. The outside and inside are charged
b. There are proteins embedded in the membrane
c. There is myelin around some cells
d. Its ability to exist in fluid enviornment
The cell body of a neuron does all of the following except a. release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. b. produce synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitter that are subsequently transported to the synaptic knob. c. conduct graded potentials to the initial segment. d. receive graded potentials from dendrites.
Chapter 24 Solutions
Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following best describes the electrical state of a neuron at rest? a. The inside of a neuron is more negatively charged than the outside. b. The outside of a neuron is more negatively charged than the inside. c. The inside and the outside of a neuron have the same electrical charge. d. Potassium ions leak into a neuron at rest.arrow_forwardSchwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. After examining the image below, can you explain why brain cells have a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. b. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter.arrow_forwardWhen an action potential arrives in an axon terminal, synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine are released by: a. facilitated diffusion. b. osmosis. c. exocytosis. d. endocytosis.arrow_forward
- The presence of an electrical gradient is responsible for both the resting membrane potential and the action potential in the neuron.a. In this case who is responsible for maintaining the electric gradient to produce a potential for the resting membrane?b. Explain what is meant by an electrical gradient in the context of a cell (neuron)!arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials? a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons. b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron. c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel. d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction e. Action potentials move slowly.arrow_forwardSchwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. Which of the following explains why the neurons in the brain cannot repair damage like the neurons in your hands or feet can? a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. b. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter.arrow_forward
- The function of neuroglia is to a. carry messages from the PNS to the CNS. b. support and protect neurons. c. stimulate muscle contraction. d. store memories.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly describes the function of mitochondria found in axon terminals? a. They synthesize enzymes, which are required to break down the neurotransmitters. b. They synthesize vesicles, which transport sodium and potassium ions across the synapse. c. They synthesize ATP, which is required for the production of neurotransmitters. d. They synthesize ATP, which is required to bond the axon terminal to the dendrites.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding polarized membranes is incorrect? a. There is a separation of the charge by a membrane, resulting in its ability to do work. b. An RMP of –60 mV indicates that there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. c. A resting membrane potential (RMP) of –90 mV indicates the there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. d. There is a difference in the charges found on the inside of the membrane to the outside.arrow_forward
- A neuron must reach threshold to fire an action potential. In this context, threshold refers to which event? a. voltage at which damage occurs to the membrane because of the electrical charge b. the voltage at which potassium ions begin to flow in and out of the cell c. the voltage at which voltage-gated sodium channels open d. the voltage at which the neuron can no longer produce an action potential According to studies in developing rodents, testosterone treatment causes detectable changes in: a. the sex region Y gene b. the thalamus c. the hypothalamus d. alpha-fetoproteinarrow_forwardNeurons are highly specialized cells whose form matches their function. They are highly elongated cells that conduct [Select ] a. ["electrical", b. "chemical"] signals across large distances, and [ Select ] ["chemical", b. "electrical"] a. signals across tiny spaces between neurons called [ Select ] a. ["hillocks", b. "Summations", c. "synapses"] . Neurons use vast amounts of energy to maintain the [Select] a. ["polarization", b."resting membrane potential", c. "action potential through the actions of [ Select ] a. ["sodium-potassium pumps", b."voltage-gated sodium channels", c."voltage-gated potassium channels"] . In doing so both sodium and potassium are trafficked against their concentration gradients leading to high concentrations of sodium [Select ] a. ["inside" , b. "outside"] the cell, and high concentrations of potassium [ Select ]arrow_forwardA. the fact that one represents a depolarization and the other represents a hyperpolarization. B. the capacitive properties of the membrane. C. the difference in applied voltage.arrow_forward
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