BIOLOGY W/CONNECT >IP<
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259910487
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 24, Problem 3U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Polyploidy organisms are those organisms which carry more than two sets of homologous chromosome and the process is called polyploidy. It is a heritable condition which is occurred rarely in humans. It mostly occurs in plants. In this, the fertilization of abnormal gamete occurs.
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Explain the terms haploid, diploid, and polyploid. Why is polyploidy so much more common in plants than in animals? Give examples of polyploid animals. Polyploid plants may occur naturally or they may be created intentionally by agricultural scientists. List four examples of polyploid commercial crops and explain why they are superior to their diploid ancestors.
A. What traits are controlled by the branching gene and fruitcase gene? And how were they determined to be major players in the development of maize?
B. Teosinte looks like a terrible plant to begin to domesticate for agricultural purposes. What hypothesis is put forth to explain farmers’ early interest in the plant?
C. Often successful domestication of a plant or animal is due to the fact that this involved just a few gene changes. In what situation can changes in just a few genes dramatically change an organism's entire appearance?
D. Who is Norman Borlaug?
What creates polyploid plants in the wild?
A) Complete meiotic nondisjunction
B) Complete mitotic nondisjunction in a stem of the plant
C) Crossovers involving a chromosome with a large inversion
D) colchicine
Chapter 24 Solutions
BIOLOGY W/CONNECT >IP<
Ch. 24 - Humans and pufferfish diverged from a common...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2UCh. 24 - Prob. 3UCh. 24 - Homologous genes in distantly related organisms...Ch. 24 - All of the following are believed to contribute to...Ch. 24 - What is the fate of most duplicated genes? a. Gene...Ch. 24 - Chimp and human DNA whole-genome sequences differ...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2ACh. 24 - Analyze the conclusion that the Medicago...Ch. 24 - Analyze why an herbicide that targets the...
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- In Iowa, a company called Team Corn works to ensure that fields of seed corn outcross so that hybrid vigor can be maintained. They do this by removing the staminate (that is, pollen-producing) flowers from the corn plants. In an attempt to put Team Corn out of business, you would like to develop genetically engineered corn plants that a. contain Z genes to prevent germination of pollen on the stigmatic surface. b. contain S genes to stop pollen tube growth during selffertilization. c. express B-type homeotic genes throughout developing flowers. d. express A-type homeotic genes throughout developing flowers.arrow_forwardA. What is the wild progenitor of maize and where is it found? B. George Beadle concluded that this plant was the likely ancestor of maize (corn) even though the two plants appear very different. What evidence did Dr. Beadle collect that led to his conclusion? C. How long ago was maize domesticated and what evidence was utilized to determine this? D. Dr. Doebley and his team compared the DNA sequence of maize to that of a number of teosinte varieties from throughout Mexico. What did their analysis reveal?arrow_forwardExperimental advantages of using pea plants include which ofthe following?a. They came in several different varieties.b. They were capable of self-fertilization.c. They were easy to cross.d. All of the above were advantagesarrow_forward
- Fruit flies are very useful model organisms that have been used to study genetics. One mutant recessive trait in fruit flies is called "eyeless" because it causes flies to have no eyes. Cross an eyeless fly with a homozygous normal fly. a. Draw the Punnett square. b. What is the genotyoe ratio of the offspring? c. What is the phenotype ratio of the offspring? d. What genetic problem is this? (monohybrid, dihybrid or multiple allele)arrow_forwardIn the lab, you discover two yeast haploid mutants that cannot produce arginine. You cross them together and the resulting diploid produces arginine. If producing arginine is the wild type phenotype, what can you definitively conclude? A.The haploid strains have identical mutations in the same genes. B.The haploid strains have identical mutations in different genes. C.The haploid strains have mutations in different genes. D.The haploid strains have mutations in the same gene. E.The haploid strains must belong to the complementation group encoding the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway.arrow_forwardWhich of the salt-marsh grasses is a polyploid? a. Spartina maritima b. Spartina alterniflora c. Hybrid between Spartina maritima and Spartina alterniflora d. Spartina anglica e. Both c and darrow_forward
- The most notable differences between gamete formation in most animals and gamete formation in plants is that ______________. a) plants produce gametes in somatic tissue, whereas animals produce gametes in germ tissue b) plants produce gametes by mitosis, whereas animals produce gametes by meiosis c) plants produce only one of each gamete, but animals produce many gametes d) plants produce gametes that are diploid, but animals produce gametes that are haploidarrow_forwardThe somatic cells of an allotetraploid containa. one set of chromosomes from four different species.b. two sets of chromosomes from two different species.c. four sets of chromosomes from one species.d. one set of chromosomes from two different species.arrow_forwardWhy is polyploidy more common in plants?arrow_forward
- . The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells ofseveral oat varieties (Avena species) are: sand oats(Avena strigosa)—14; slender wild oats (Avenabarata)—28; and cultivated oats (Avena sativa)—42.a. What is the basic chromosome number (x) in Avena?b. What is the ploidy for each of the different species?c. What is the number of chromosomes in the gametesproduced by each of these oat varieties?d. What is the n number of chromosomes in eachspecies?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct as the polyploidization mechanism? options: A, Two related species mate, forming an organism with the combined chromosomes from both parents. B. A single-celled embryo duplicates its chromosomes, but they are not separated into separate cells and remain in a single cell that develops into a viable embryo. C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor Barrow_forward. In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a geneticist is interested in the development of trichomes (small projections). A large screen turns up two mutant plants (A and B) that have no trichomes, and these mutants seem to be potentially useful in studying trichome development. (If they were determined by single-gene mutations, then finding the normal and abnormal functions of these genes would be instructive.) Each plant is crossed with wild type; in both cases, the next generation (F1) had normal trichomes. When F1 plants were selfed, the resulting F2’s were as follows: F2 from mutant A: 602 normal; 198 no trichomes F2 from mutant B: 267 normal; 93 no trichomesa. What do these results show? Include proposed genotypes of all plants in your answer. b. Under your explanation to part a, is it possible to confidently predict the F1 from crossing the original mutant A with the original mutant B?arrow_forward
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