EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134704227
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 4RQ
Suppose a pathogen has invaded the body. What four steps occur if the body is able to destroy the pathogen? What compromise may be made if the pathogen cannot be destroyed?
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The immune system can be split into two major categories, the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. Compare and contrast these two systems and their response to a bacterial pathogen that entered the body through a cut in the skin.
In your answer describe two ways in which the innate immune system protects against this pathogen, as well as two ways that the adaptive immune system protectS against this pathogen. Be sure to name any cells/organs/tissues/structures that may be involved in each of these processes in order to receive full marks. This can be done as a list in point form.
The concentration of which of the following proteins will most likely decrease in association with an acute inflammatory condition?
Albumin, C-reactive protein, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, and Complement C3
Which is an example of chemotaxis?
the movement of cells toward or away from a chemical stimulus
the squeezing of cells between the cells lining capillaries in order to attack invading microbes
the transport of substances across the cytoplasmic membrane
the attachment of phagocytes to a microorganism by binding to complimentary proteins
Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 24.5 - Because antibodies are proteins, they are too...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 24.8 - How does the action of histamine on capillary...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.8 - Prob. 5CCCh. 24 - Prob. 1RQCh. 24 - Prob. 2RQCh. 24 - Prob. 3RQCh. 24 - Suppose a pathogen has invaded the body. What four...Ch. 24 - Define the following terms and explain their...
Ch. 24 - How are histiocytes, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts,...Ch. 24 - What is the mononuclear phagocytic system, and...Ch. 24 - Match each of the following cell types with its...Ch. 24 - Give examples of physical, mechanical, and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 10RQCh. 24 - Prob. 11RQCh. 24 - Prob. 12RQCh. 24 - Explain the terms stress, stressor, and general...Ch. 24 - Concept map: Map the following terms. You may add...Ch. 24 - Why do lymph nodes often swell and become tender...Ch. 24 - Compare and contrast the terms in the following...Ch. 24 - Compare active and passive immunity.Ch. 24 - Diagram and label the parts of an antibody...Ch. 24 - Diagram the steps in the process of inflammation.Ch. 24 - Prob. 20RQCh. 24 - Diagram the steps in the process of an allergic...Ch. 24 - Prob. 22RQCh. 24 - Prob. 23RQCh. 24 - Prob. 24RQCh. 24 - Prob. 25RQCh. 24 - Prob. 26RQ
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- How many types of “foreign molecules” (use the proper term where needed) does each cell recognize? On the pathogen side – what molecules will be recognized by these immune cells? (no need for specific names, just a few examples of pathogen molecules that will trigger an immune response) Bloodwork indicates that a patient who has pneumonia is actively secreting different forms of antibody against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Explain how the patient can respond to this pathogen by secreting more than one antibody.arrow_forwardDuring the inflammatory response, the reasoning for the heat felt at the site of inflammation is because local blood vessels vasoconstrict causing a reduction in local cell metabolism local blood vessels vasodilate bringing an increased volume of water to the area which retains heat local blood vessels vasodilate causing an increase in local cell metabolism when white blood cells are activated they become hotterarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a true statement about inflammation? Substances released by invading bacteria themselves are the molecules that initiate inflammation The last stage in inflammation is tissue repair Substances released from damaged body cells attract phagocytic leukocytes to the area Inflammation can be triggered by physical injury or infection Phagocytic leukocytes migrate through the walls of blood vessels into surrounding tissuesarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding inflammation is CORRECT? - The increase in temperature improves pathogen function - Increased vascular permeability helps immune cells access the site of infection quicker - Clotting increases immune cell access the site of infection - Vasodilation is not a characteristic of inflammation in any wayarrow_forwardWhen a pathogen (or its toxins) enters the blood, the infection can spread throughout the body. Such an infection would be considered... contagious systemic localized sub-clinicalarrow_forwardHomeostasis is essential for health and survival. Describe several ways in which infection may result in a disruption of homeostasis?arrow_forward
- HIV is a virus that kills helper T cells. HIV is not the direct cause of death in people who have this virus. Instead, people die of diseases caused by organisms that are common in the environment. Explain why HIV-infected persons are susceptible to these diseases. (brief explanation/short answer)arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements regarding our innate immune system is false? Question 15 options: The normal flora takes up space so that pathogenic microbes can't grow. The skin prevents entry of microbes into the body. Coughing speeds up the ciliary escalator, while smoking can destroy it. Phagocytosis destroys microbes that have escaped our physical and chemical barriers. Macrophages create antibodies against specific microbes.arrow_forwardDefine pathogen.arrow_forward
- In the disease mononucleosis (“mono”), the spleen enlarges because of increased numbers of phagocytes and other cells. Common signs and symptoms of this disease include pale complexion, a tired feeling, and a lack of energy sometimes to the point of not being able to get out of bed. What might cause these signs and symptoms? (Please include your citation, if there is. Thanks!)arrow_forwardWhat is the expected result if a compromised person is exposed to a true pathogen?arrow_forwardWhen a pathogen (or its toxins) enters the blood, the infection can spread throughout the body. Such an infection would be considered... sub-clinical Olocalized contagious systemicarrow_forward
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