Concept explainers
Introduction:
The buffer resists the changes of the pH in a solution by converting a strong acid to a weak acid or a strong base to a weak base. Physiological as well as chemical buffer systems regulate the stabilization and maintenance of the body pH.
Chemical buffer systems:
A substance which binds to hydrogen ions and removes them from a solution when the concentration of hydrogen ions begins to increase, or a substance which releases hydrogen ions to the solution when the concentration of hydrogen ions begins to decrease is a chemical buffer. Within a second, the normal pH of the solution is restored by the chemical buffers. The chemical buffer systems are classified into three types, namely the bicarbonate, the phosphate, and the protein systems.
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- Match the following saltwater balance concepts:arrow_forwardDefine the term buffer. Explain the difference between carbonic acid (H2CO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Can they both be used as buffers? Why or why not.arrow_forwardMake a list of the five most critical qualities of an effective extraction buffer. Please provide a brief description of each.arrow_forward
- Identify the most powerful buffer system in the body, provide the equation to show how this buffer is reversible.arrow_forwardState the chemical equation for the bicarbonate buffer system.arrow_forwardWhat is the importance of the buffer system in human body fluids? Mention two important buffer systems of the human body.arrow_forward
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- The least efficient buffer mixture?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a carbonic acid buffering molecule in a basic solution? Group of answer choices H2CO3 HCO3-arrow_forwardAn unconscious patient is delivered to emergency room. His blood gases are obtained: pH = 7.09, HCO3- = 15 mEq/L, pCO2 = 50mmHg. What type of acid-base disorder this patient has? Why is he unconscious?arrow_forward
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