The greatest ionic character, smallest ionic radius, greatest ionization energy, and the most acidic oxide among the given species areto be determined. Concept introduction: Theionic character depends on the electronegativity difference between the atoms. As the electronegativity difference increases, the ionic character increases. This is in case of covalent compound. Isoelectronic species are the species thatcontain the same number of electrons. The radius of the isoelectronic ions decreases as the nuclear charge increases and size of the element decreases. The amount of energy required to remove the electron from the neutral gaseous atom to form the cation is known as ionization energy. The ionization energy depends on the size of the element down the group, as the size of the element increases the distance between the positively charged nucleus and the valence electron increases. Thus, less amount of energy is required to remove the electron and to form the gaseous cation. Thus, the ionization energy decreases. The oxides thatproduce acid, when treated with water, are known as acidic oxides.

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Chapter 24, Problem 91AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The greatest ionic character, smallest ionic radius, greatest ionization energy, and the most acidic oxide among the given species areto be determined.

Concept introduction:

Theionic character depends on the electronegativity difference between the atoms. As the electronegativity difference increases, the ionic character increases. This is in case of covalent compound.

Isoelectronic species are the species thatcontain the same number of electrons.

The radius of the isoelectronic ions decreases as the nuclear charge increases and size of the element decreases.

The amount of energy required to remove the electron from the neutral gaseous atom to form the cation is known as ionization energy.

The ionization energy depends on the size of the element down the group, as the size of the element increases the distance between the positively charged nucleus and the valence electron increases. Thus, less amount of energy is required to remove the electron and to form the gaseous cation. Thus, the ionization energy decreases.

The oxides thatproduce acid, when treated with water, are known as acidic oxides.

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ᴄᴀʟᴄᴜʟᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇɴꜱɪᴛʏ ᴏꜰ ᴘᴜʀᴇ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟꜱ, ᴇxᴘʀᴇꜱꜱ ʏᴏᴜʀ ᴀɴꜱᴡᴇʀ ɪɴ ᴋɢ/ᴍ3ᴀ. Iron @ ꜰʙᴄ ᴀɴᴅ ꜰᴄᴄʙ. ᴄopper (ꜰᴄᴄ)ᴄ. Magnesium (ʜᴄᴘ)ᴅ. ᴀʟuminum (ꜰᴄᴄ) Take note that:ꜰᴄᴄ – ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴠᴇʟʏ ᴡᴇᴀᴋ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟꜱ, ᴇxᴄᴇʟʟᴇɴᴛ ᴅᴜᴄᴛɪʟɪᴛʏʙᴄᴄ – ʜɪɢʜ ꜱᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟꜱ, ᴍᴏᴅᴇʀᴀᴛᴇ ᴅᴜᴄᴛɪʟɪᴛʏʜᴄᴘ – ʟᴏᴡ ᴅᴜᴄᴛɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏꜰᴛᴇɴ ʙʀɪᴛᴛʟᴇ