Concept explainers
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION In sexually reproducing species, each individual inherits DNA from both parent organisms. In a short essay (100-150 words), apply this idea to what occurs when organisms of two species that have homologous chromosomes mate and produce (F2) hybrid offspring. What percentage of the DNA in the F1 hybrids' Chromosomes comes from each parent species? As the hybrids mate and produce F2 and later-generation hybrid offspring, describe how recombination and natural selection may affect whether the DNA in hybrid chromosomes is derived from one parent species or the other.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 24 Solutions
CUSTOM BIOLOGY
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Microbiology: An Introduction
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (11th Edition)
- VISUALIZE Use two different colors to depict the unduplicated chromosomes of species C with larger chromosomes (2n = 8) and species D with slightly smaller chromosomes (2n = 10), and of their F1 hybrid. Is the hybrid likely to be fertile?arrow_forwardFor each of the following, identify what characteristics of a species male and female karyotype would indicate that mechanism of sex-determination. Genic XY sex chromosomes ZW sex chromosomes Haplo-diploid genomes XO sex chromosomes Environmental [Choose ] [C [C [C [C [C ✓ [Choose ] More than one answer is correct Females have one more chromosome compared to males Females have twice as many chromosomes compared to males Females show a pair of differentiated sex chromosomes Males show a pair of differentiated sex chromosomes No visible differencearrow_forwardFor each of the following, identify what characteristics of a species male and female karyotype would indicate that mechanism of sex-determination. In each case, list a characteristic that would be specific to only that sex-determination system if possible. If no such characteristic is possible, specify which other sex-determination system would show the same karyotype characteristic. (A) Genic (B) XY sex chromosomes (C) ZW sex chromosomes (D) Haplo-diploid genomes (E) XO sex chromosomes (F) Environmentalarrow_forward
- How is the process of meiosis responsible for variation among species? What mechanisms are involved in the process of meiosis and in which stage(s) do they take place? HINT: What are two important events that happen in meiosis but not mitosis that contribute to genetic diversity?arrow_forwardInclude stages of reproduction in roaches - starting with the egg and sperm to zygote then to young offspring to adult( be sure to include the accurate number of chromosome)arrow_forward2) Meiosis and sexual reproduction are, in large part, responsible for genetic variation within a population. Meiosis supports genetic variation in several ways. All BUT ONE applies to meiosis, sexual reproduction and genetic variation. A) Meiosis is preceded by DNA replication of chromosomes in the nucleus of the mother cell. B) As seen in the diagram, during meiosis crossing over, or swapping of DNA segments, may occur. C) During fertilization each parent randomly contributes a unique set of chromosomes to the zygote. D) Because of recombination and independent assortment during meiosis, each of the four gametes contains a different set of DNA. Not Gradedarrow_forward
- What is one statement that would support the theory that all organisms are related? A) The genetic code is almost universal.B) All flies have 2 wings.C) Eukaryotes have mitochondria.D) Prokaryotes have circular chromosomes.E) That the Theory of Pangenesis has held up to scrutiny for thousands of years What is the difference between cross and self-fertilization? A. In cross-fertilization the gametes from one plant are used to fertilize the gametes of another plantB. In cross-fertilization the gametes from one plant are used to fertilize the gametes from the same plant C. In self-fertilization the gametes from one plant are used to fertilize the gametes from another plantD. In cross-fertilization insects are used to pollinate the plants while in self-fertilization the investigator pollinates the plantsarrow_forwardExperiment: Saccharomyces cerevisiae can exist stably in either a haploid or a diploid state. A haploid S. cerevisiae cell has 16 chromosomes. When certain haploids come into contact, they fuse their cell walls and membranes, followed by the fusion of their nuclear membranes. The single nucleus now has 32 chromosomes, 16 from each parent strain, and is thus a diploid. Haploid yeast strains divide mitotically to give rise to haploid progeny, and diploid strains divide mitotically to give rise to diploid progeny. Certain haploids can fuse to form diploids. Haploid S. cerevisiae exists in two "mating types," called a and a. Mating occurs only between a and a cells; no mating occurs between cells of identical mating type. We have a collection of eight a haploid mutant strains and eight a haploid mutant strains of yeast unable to synthesize tryptophan (trp). These will be combined (mated) in all possible combinations to yield diploid strains. If the diploids can grow on minimal medium,…arrow_forwardIn what ways does sexual reproduction contribute to diversity? Describe the unpredictability of meiotic partner selection, random distribution, and crossover.arrow_forward
- The New World cotton species Gossypium hirsutum has a 2n chromosome number of 52. The Old World species G. thurberi and G. herbaceum each have a 2n number of 26. When these species are crossed, the resulting hybrids show the following chromosome pairing arrangements at meiosis: Interpret these observations phylogenetically, using diagrams. Clearly indicate the relationships between the species. How would you prove that your interpretation is correct?(PICTURE ADDED)arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following statements is a lie?Select one: a. Budding yeasts first start from being a haploid cell and further becomes a diploid cell. b. Budding yeasts secrete a signaling molecule called a “mating factor”. c. The mating factor in the sexual reproduction of yeast is directed to all yeast cells in the vicinity.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represents things that are equivelant? A) Two alleles for the same gene in a homologous chromosome pair B) The sequence of DNA in the two sister chromatids of a chromosome after meiosis 1 C) The number of homologous chromosomes per cell before and after meiosis 1 D) The number of chromosomes in each of the four daughter cells after meiosis 2arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning