Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780078024283
Author: Michael McKinley Dr., Valerie O'Loughlin, Theresa Bidle
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 24.6, Problem 33WDYL
Which substances are reabsorbed in tubular processing in the different regions of the nephron? Which are secreted? What are the general processes that occur in the different regions of the tubules, (a) PCT, (b) nephron loop, and (c) DCT, CT, and CD?
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Tubular transport maximum (Tm) is (a) the maximum rate at which a substance in the filtrate can be reabsorbed into the blood from the renal tubules (b) the most rapid rate at which urine can be transported through the ureter (c) the maximum rate at which a substance can be reabsorbed by theglomerulus (d) the maximum rate at which a substance can pass through the loop of Henle (e) the maximum amount of a substance that can be secreted into the filtrate
How does a) the volume b) Na + conc & c) the osmolality of the filtrate in the different regions of the nephron change?
Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascendinglimb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowman’s capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting duct
Chapter 24 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
Ch. 24.1 - Which structure of the urinary system forms urine,...Ch. 24.1 - What are the two means by which the kidney helps...Ch. 24.2 - What tissue composes the fibrous capsule that...Ch. 24.2 - What are the regions of the kidney that drain...Ch. 24.2 - What three anatomic structures of the kidney are...Ch. 24.3 - What two structures compose the renal corpuscle?...Ch. 24.3 - What is the order of the components of a renal...Ch. 24.3 - What differences exist between cortical and...Ch. 24.3 - Differentiate between the function of principal...Ch. 24.3 - What are the two primary cellular components of...
Ch. 24.4 - What is the pathway that blood follows as it...Ch. 24.4 - What are the three major types of capillaries...Ch. 24.4 - What is the pathway of fluid filtered by the...Ch. 24.5 - How does tubular reabsorption differ from tubular...Ch. 24.5 - How are the components of the filtration membrane...Ch. 24.5 - What is normally filtered across the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 17WDYLCh. 24.5 - What is the value of the NFP if the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 19WDYLCh. 24.5 - If HPg increases, what is the effect on NFP? Is...Ch. 24.5 - Does urine production increase, decrease, or stay...Ch. 24.5 - What are the three factors that regulate...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 23WDYLCh. 24.6 - What are the significant anatomic and physiologic...Ch. 24.6 - What is the transport maximum of a substance? How...Ch. 24.6 - How is glucose reabsorbed across the two membranes...Ch. 24.6 - Why are proteins said to be transported rather...Ch. 24.6 - How does Na+ reabsorption occur? Which two...Ch. 24.6 - What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on the...Ch. 24.6 - How is the movement of H+ and HCO3 regulated by...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 31WDYLCh. 24.6 - How is the concentration gradient that is...Ch. 24.6 - Which substances are reabsorbed in tubular...Ch. 24.7 - What is the purpose of measuring the glomerular...Ch. 24.7 - What information is gained by measuring the renal...Ch. 24.8 - What characteristics are used to describe urine?...Ch. 24.8 - What are the major components of the urinary...Ch. 24.8 - How does the urethra of a male and female differ?Ch. 24.8 - What steps lead to micturition? At what point does...Ch. 24 - _____ 1. All of following are functions of the...Ch. 24 - _____ 2. When the kidneys are described as being...Ch. 24 - _____ 3. Which of the following is located within...Ch. 24 - _____ 4. All of the following are capillaries...Ch. 24 - _____ 5. Which of the following is a component of...Ch. 24 - _____ 6. If blood pressure in the glomerulus...Ch. 24 - _____ 7. Which hormone increases Na+ and water...Ch. 24 - _____ 8. If the tubular maximum is exceeded, then...Ch. 24 - _____ 9. The function unique to the nephron loop...Ch. 24 - _____ 10. If antidiuretic hormone (ADH)...Ch. 24 - Trace blood flow into and out of the kidney....Ch. 24 - Describe where filtrate, tubular fluid, and urine...Ch. 24 - Describe the anatomic components of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14DYKBCh. 24 - Explain how glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is...Ch. 24 - Discuss the affect of aldosterone and antidiuretic...Ch. 24 - Explain how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is...Ch. 24 - Describe the significant differences between blood...Ch. 24 - Identify all of the following that are functions...Ch. 24 - Explain the process of micturition.Ch. 24 - Use the following paragraph to answer questions...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CALCh. 24 - Use the following paragraph to answer questions...Ch. 24 - Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident...Ch. 24 - A 19-year-old male named Paul was in a diving...Ch. 24 - A patient with cancer is treated with...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 24 - Males who suffer from either benign prostatic...
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- Is the collecting tubule and collecting duct part of the renal tubule? Is the collecting tubule and collecting duct part of the nephron? Where are the intercalated cells and principal cells located?arrow_forwardSketch a nephron, including Bowman’s capsule, the proximal convoluted tubules, the descending and ascending loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubules, and the collecting ducts……then…. ………Indicate where in the nephron the following diuretics and antidiuretics act: 1) osmotic diuretic (mannitol), 2) loop diuretics (furosemide or Lasix), 3) thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide), 4) potassium-sparing diuretics, 5) ADH, 6) Aldosteronearrow_forwardDuring the maximal water diuresis, the ratio of the tubular fluid to plasma osmolarity is greater than 1.0 in which of the following? (A) The bend of the loop of Henle (B). Bowman Space (C) The collecting duct (D) The distal renal tubule (E) The proximal convoluted renal tubulearrow_forward
- The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except (A) active transport of salt from the upper region of the ascending limb. (B) the spatial arrangement of juxtamedullary nephrons. (C) diffusion of urea from the collecting duct. (D) diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of Henle.arrow_forwardIndicate whether the following statements are true or false :(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardA 37-year-old man has hypertension caused by aldosterone-secreting neoplasm. Which of the following is the likely effect on renal function? A) Decreased reabsorption of phosphate by distal tubule (B). Decreased secretion of H+ by collecting duct by collecting duct (C) Decreased secretion of K+ by collecting duct (D) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the collecting duct (E) Increased reabsorption of Na+ by the proximal tubulearrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false regarding the filtration that takes place in the kidneys? a) About 20% of the total plasma volume is filtered into the lumen of Bowman's capsule. b) Glomerular filtration rate (GFR): indicates how fast blood plasma is filtered through the glomeruli of the kidney c) It is primarily the systemic blood pressure that determines how much urine you produce. d) The filtrate consists of water, smaller molecules and ions that can cross the filter barrierarrow_forwardThe process of hydrogen ion secretion in the proximal convoluted tubule occurs via which of the following mechanisms? Choose from the following: (A) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule, through extracellular fluid and into the peritubular blood (B) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from peritubular capillary blood; undergoes a chemical reaction to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ion diffuses into the glomerular filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (C) hydrogen ions diffuse out of the peritubular capillary blood, through extracellular fluid and into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule (D) carbon dioxide diffuses into the proximal convoluted tubule cell from the glomerular filtrate; undergoes a chemical reacdtion to form carbonic acid; dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions; the hydrogen ions diffuse into the peritubular bloodarrow_forwardThis diagram illustrates which of the following Choose from the following: (A) secretion of hydrogen via Na+/H+ exchange ions by the proximal convoluted tubule (B) reabsorption of bicarbonate ions by intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct (C) secretion of H+ by H+K+/ATPase pumps in the intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct (D) A and B (E) all of the abovearrow_forward
- Vascular nephron comprises of peritubular capillaries and .................arrow_forwardDescribe two mechanisms in the PCT, one in the nephron loop, one in the DCT, and one in the collecting duct for reabsorption of Na . What other solutes are reabsorbed or secreted with Na in each mechanism?arrow_forwardThe tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in A) urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH. B) glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate. C) NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with 4ocal chemical messengers. D) systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.arrow_forward
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