Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 25, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:. Cladogenesis is the process that is crucial to evolutionary biology as it helps to track the ancestral lineage of organisms. The divergence and convergence of the two or more species can be identified through such evolutionary events.
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Place the following events in the order in which they are most likely to occur by numbering them from 1 to 5. a. Speciation occurs. b. Genetic divergence takes place. c. Geographic barrier arises. d. Gene flow is discontinued. e. Species adapts to a new environment.
All of the following are true about phylogenies, EXCEPT:
a.
They are considered an unbiased reconstruction of evolutionary relationships.
b.
We use them to predict the emergence of traits in the fossil record.
c.
They are, at best, a hypothesis about the relationships among extant species.
d.
We use the rule of parsimony to reconstruct evolutionary history.
Which of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree?
It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species.
b
It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species.
c
It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species.
d
It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 25.1 - Can you think of another example of two different...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 25.1 - Is temporal isolation an example of a prezygotic...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1EQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2EQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 3EQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 25.4 - Evo-Devo: Evolutionary Developmental Biology...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 25.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25 - Macroevolution refers to evolutionary changes that...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2TYCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYCh. 25 - Prob. 8TYCh. 25 - Prob. 9TYCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYCh. 25 - What is the key difference between prezygotic and...Ch. 25 - What are the key differences between gradualism...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3CQCh. 25 - Prob. 1COQCh. 25 - Discuss the type of speciation (allopatric or...
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- Which of the following assumptions is not part ofcladistics?a. A lineage’s characters change over time.b. All species share common ancestry.c. Each lineage branches from another lineage.d. Similar body parts are evidence of a recentdivergencearrow_forwardEvolution is the theory that species change over time. According to this theory, new species form from existing species through variation and natural selection. The evolutionary process is very slow and the transformation of one species into another requires thousands of years. Several evidences are used to prove evolution and somehow reconstruct how this process occur: 1.Fossil Records. 2.Homologous Body Structures. 3.Vestigial structures. 4.Similarity of embryo. 5.Geographical evidencearrow_forwardA paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and all of its descendants. b. an ancestor and some of its descendants. c. descendants of more than one common ancestor. d. All of the choices are correct.arrow_forward
- A taxonomic group that contains species that have similar phenotypes due to convergent evolution is a. paraphyletic. b. monophyletic. c. polyphyletic. d. a good cladistic group.arrow_forwardSpecies recognized by the phylogenetic species concept a. sometimes also would be recognized as species by the biological species concept. b. are sometimes paraphyletic. c. are characterized by symplesiomorphies. d. are more frequent in plants than in animals.arrow_forwardPeople studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts? a. The Morphospecies Concept b. The Biological Species Concept c. The Phylogenetic Species Concept d. The Physical Species Conceptarrow_forward
- Derived characters are traits: A. that are more complicated than ancestral characters B. that characterize the last common ancestor of a particular collection of species. C. that have evolved after the last common ancestor of a particulan collection of species. D. that are less well suited to the environment than ancestral characters.arrow_forwardThe definition of "lineage" is: Select one or more: a. the same as the Tree of Life b. a population of organisms captured at one specific time c. a series of ancestor and descendant lineages over time d. a character that has evolved over timearrow_forwardA good “phylogenetic” species is one that is A. The smallest diagnosable cluster of organisms within which there is a pattern of ancestry and descent B. The most inclusive population of individuals having the potential for phenotypic cohesion through intrinsic cohesion mechanisms. C. Morphologically distinctive from other groups of organisms D. An actually or potentially interbreeding group that is reproductively isolated from other such groups.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are true about outgroups? a. They help identify plesiomorphic traits in the phylogeny b. They are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in question c. They do not have any autapomorphic traits d. They are less evolved than the species of interestarrow_forwardCharacteristics that are used to establish species include a. morphological traits. b. reproductive isolation. c. molecular features. d. ecological factors. e. evolutionary relationships. f. all of the above.arrow_forwardWhat does the circled part of the phylogenetic tree below indicate? Select one: A. An adaptive radiation B. A mass extinction event C. Rapid speciation D. A and/or C E. all of the abovearrow_forward
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