Introduction:
The urinary system is a specialized organ that supports the exchange of water and electrolytes between the body and the environment. It includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra which perform a function like passage, storage and voiding of urine. It helps the body to get rid of liquid waste (urea) and also control the blood pressure and pH.
Answer to Problem 1RAC
The correct answer is option (d) regulation of vitamin A synthesis.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d). Regulation of vitamin A synthesis. Vitamin A is taken from the food it is not synthesis by the body, whereas kidney plays a very important role in the synthesis of vitamin D. it is needed for controlling blood calcium. So, the correct answer is option (d).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a). Regulation of blood volume. It helps in regulating the blood volume by secreting and absorbing the essential components (water, solute). It helps in producing either a large volume of diluted urine or a small volume of concentrated urine. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b). Regulation of solute concentration in the blood. It helps in regulating the solute concentration by reabsorbing solutes like sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, and carbonates ions. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (c). Regulation of pH of the extracellular. The pH of the blood is regulated by secreting a variable amount of hydrogen ion. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (e). Regulation of red blood cell synthesis. Kidney secretes a hormone called erythropoietin which helps in regulating the synthesis of red blood cells in the bone marrow. So, this is an incorrect answer.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
CONNECT FOR SEELEY'S ANAT & PHYS
- What is the most important function of the kidney? A. Excretion B. Homeostasis C. Temperature regulation D. Renin secretionarrow_forwardWhich of these processes is responsible for kidney function?a. filtration c. reabsorption e. All of these are correct.b. secretion d. Both a and b are correct.arrow_forwardHyperkalemia is associated with the inability of the kidneys to properly filter potassium out of the blood. Which type of membrane transport do the kidneys use to filter the blood? A. Hydrostatic pressure B. Osmotic pressure C. Filtration D. Active diffusionarrow_forward
- What causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary? A. The secretion of proteins into the interstitial space by the tubule cells. B. The prevention of proteins being filtered at the glomerulus. C. The high capsular pressure in the glomerulus. D. A and Barrow_forwardWhich direction of movement correctly describes how the term "reabsorption" functions in the nephron? A. from the capillaries of the vasa recta into the renal tubule lumen B. from the collecting duct into the ureter C. from the renal artery into the collecting duct D. from the renal tubule lumen into the surrounding interstitial fluid E. from the afferent arteriole into the glomerulusarrow_forwardWhich hormone causes a rise in blood pressure?a. aldosterone c. erythropoietinb. oxytocin d. atrial natriuretic hormonearrow_forward
- Which of following is not a function of kidneys? a. Maintain volume, pH and composition of body luids b. Remove excess toxic chemicals c. Remove metabolic wastes d. Synthesis of angiotensinogenarrow_forwardHigh excretion of sodium through the kidneys can cause? a. Low plasma osmolanity, low urine osmolarity b. Low plasma osmotarity, high urine osmolarity c. High plasma osmolarity, low unine osmolanty d. High plasma osmolarity high urine osmolarityarrow_forwardDilating the afferent arteriole and constricting the efferent arteriole to the renal corpuscle will cause which pressure to rise? A. Glomerular Hydrostatic Pressure B. Glomerular Osmotic Pressure C. Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure D. Capsular Osmotic Pressurearrow_forward
- Which transport action in the proximal tubule would take place if the body needed to increase the blood pH? A. secrete HCO3– B. secrete H+ C. reabsorb Na+ D. reabsorb K+ E. None of the above answer choices correctly answers the question.arrow_forwardwhat type of cell is involved in the duct to help increase the concentration of HCO3- to be excreted in the urine? a. alpha cells b. beta cells c. purkinje cells d. glomerular cellsarrow_forwardPart A Why is control over blood [Ca2+] and [Red Blood Cell] crucial? Choose one hormone involved in either of these homeostatic systems that regulate the concentration of these ions/cells and describe how it functions in homeostasis. Remember to include the name of the gland that secretes it. Part B Choose one molecule that is reabsorbed by the nephron and describe the process by which it is reabsorbed.arrow_forward