EBK COLLEGE PHYSICS, VOLUME 2
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103599924
Author: Vuille
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 26, Problem 33P
A chain of nuclear reactions in the Sun’s core converts four protons into a helium nucleus. (a) What is the mass difference between four protons and a helium nucleus? (b) How much energy in MeV is released during the conversion of four protons into a helium nucleus?
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When U-232 undergoes alpha decay to Th-228, a mass lost is sustained. 1. Find the mass defect for this process in amu and kg. 2. The mass lost during the decay is converted to kinetic energy. Use Einstein equation to calculate the kinetic energy in joules and in Mega- electron volts (MeV). The exact mass of U-232 is 232.0372 amu. The exact mass of Th-228 is 228.0287 amu. The exact mass of He is 4.0026 amu.
1 amu= 1.6606 x 10-27 kg. 1 MeV = 1.602 x 10-13 J.
232 92 U -----> 228 90 Th + 4 2 He
i have a attached a photo of the question.
Gold-197 has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass number of 197.
The mass of a gold nucleus is 196.96657 u, whereas the mass of a proton is 1.00727u and the mass of a neutron is 1.00866u.
What is the binding energy of a gold nucleus, expressed in MeV?
(Use c=3E8 m/s for the speed of light and beware of units)
Chapter 26 Solutions
EBK COLLEGE PHYSICS, VOLUME 2
Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 26.1QQCh. 26.4 - Suppose youre an astronaut being paid according to...Ch. 26.4 - True or False: People traveling near the speed of...Ch. 26.4 - You are packing for a trip to another star, and on...Ch. 26.4 - You observe a locket moving away from you. (i)...Ch. 26.7 - Prob. 26.6QQCh. 26.7 - Prob. 26.7QQCh. 26 - Choose the option from each pair that makes the...Ch. 26 - Choose the option that makes the following...Ch. 26 - Choose the option that makes the following...
Ch. 26 - Choose the option from each pair that makes the...Ch. 26 - A spacecraft with the shape of a sphere of...Ch. 26 - What two speed measurements will two observers in...Ch. 26 - The speed of light in water is 2.30 108 m/s....Ch. 26 - With regard to reference frames, how does general...Ch. 26 - Give a physical argument that shows it is...Ch. 26 - It is said that Einstein, in his teenage years,...Ch. 26 - List some ways our day-to-day lives would change...Ch. 26 - Two identically constructed clocks are...Ch. 26 - Prob. 13CQCh. 26 - Imagine an astronaut on a trip to Sirius, which...Ch. 26 - Explain why, when defining the length of a rod, it...Ch. 26 - Prob. 16CQCh. 26 - The control panel on a spaceship contains a light...Ch. 26 - A spaceship moves past Earth with a speed of...Ch. 26 - If astronauts could travel at v = 0.950c, we on...Ch. 26 - a meterstick moving at 0.900c relative to the...Ch. 26 - The length of a moving spaceship is 28.0 m...Ch. 26 - An astronaut at rest on Earth has a heart rate of...Ch. 26 - The average lifetime of a pi meson in its own...Ch. 26 - An astronaut is traveling in a space vehicle that...Ch. 26 - A muon formed high in Earth's atmosphere travels...Ch. 26 - A star is 15.0 light-years (ly) from Earth. (a) At...Ch. 26 - The proper length of one spaceship is three times...Ch. 26 - A car traveling at 35.0 m/s takes 26.0 minutes to...Ch. 26 - A supertrain of proper length 1.00 102 m travels...Ch. 26 - A box is cubical with sides of proper lengths L1 =...Ch. 26 - Prob. 15PCh. 26 - Prob. 16PCh. 26 - Prob. 17PCh. 26 - Prob. 18PCh. 26 - An unstable particle at rest breaks up into two...Ch. 26 - Spaceship R is moving to the right at a speed of...Ch. 26 - An electron moves to the right with a speed of...Ch. 26 - A spaceship travels at 0.750c relative to Earth....Ch. 26 - A spaceship is moving away from Earth at 0.900c...Ch. 26 - Two identical spaceships with proper lengths of...Ch. 26 - Spaceship A moves away from Earth at a speed of...Ch. 26 - A pulsar is a stellar object that emits light in...Ch. 26 - A rocket moves with a velocity of 0.92c to the...Ch. 26 - A proton moves with a speed of 0.950c. Calculate...Ch. 26 - Protons in an accelerator at the Fermi National...Ch. 26 - Prob. 30PCh. 26 - Prob. 31PCh. 26 - Prob. 32PCh. 26 - A chain of nuclear reactions in the Suns core...Ch. 26 - An unstable particle with a mass equal to 3.34 ...Ch. 26 - Prob. 35PCh. 26 - Prob. 36PCh. 26 - Prob. 37APCh. 26 - Prob. 38APCh. 26 - Prob. 39APCh. 26 - A spring of force constant k is compressed by a...Ch. 26 - A star is 5.00 ly from the Earth. At what speed...Ch. 26 - An electron has a total energy equal to five times...Ch. 26 - An astronaut wishes to visit the Andromeda galaxy,...Ch. 26 - An alarm clock is set to sound in 10.0 h. At t =...Ch. 26 - Owen and Dina are at rest in frame S, which is...Ch. 26 - An observer in a coasting spacecraft moves toward...Ch. 26 - A spaceship of proper length 300. m takes 0.75 s...Ch. 26 - The cosmic rays of highest energy are protons that...Ch. 26 - Prob. 49APCh. 26 - Prob. 50APCh. 26 - The muon is an unstable particle that...Ch. 26 - Prob. 52APCh. 26 - The identical twins Speedo and Goslo join a...Ch. 26 - An interstellar space probe is launched from...Ch. 26 - An observer moving at a speed of 0.995c relative...Ch. 26 - An alien spaceship traveling 0.600c toward Earth...
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- Suppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect 50 percent of the proton decays in a tank of water. (a) How many kilograms of water would you need to see one decay per month, assuming a lifetime of 1031 y? (b) How many cubic meters of water is this? (c) If the actual lifetime is 1033 y, how long would you have to wait on an average to see a single proton decay?arrow_forwardIf the rest energies of a proton and a neutron (the two constituents of nuclei) are 938.3 and 939.6 MeV, what is the difference in their mass in kilograms?arrow_forwardThe electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?arrow_forward
- (a) Write the decay equation for the decay of 235U. (b) What energy is released in this decay? The mass of the daughter nuclide is 231.036298 u. (c) Assuming the residual nucleus is formed in its ground state, how much energy goes to the particle?arrow_forward(a) What is the kinetic energy in MeV of a ray that is traveling at 0.998c? This gives some idea of how energetic a ray must be to travel at nearly the same speed as a ray. (b) What is the velocity of the ray relative to the ray?arrow_forward(a) How much energy would be released if the proton did decay 1uria the conjectured reaction (b) Given that the decays to two (s and that the will find an electron to annihilate, what total energy is ultimately produced in proton decay? (c) Why is this energy greater than the proton's total mass (converted to energy)?arrow_forward
- The power output of the Sun is 41026W. (a) If 90% of this is supplied by the protonproton cycle, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the Earth from this process? This huge number is indicative of how rarely a neutrino interacts, since large detectors observe very few per day.arrow_forwardThe power output of the Sun is 41026 W. (a) If 90% of this energy is supplied by the proton-proton chain, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the surface of Earth from this process?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U. (b) What fraction of the mass at a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is laws for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?arrow_forward
- The electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical power. What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? What mass of 235U is fissioned in 1 year of full-power operation?arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results A particle physicist discovers a neutral particle with a mass at 2.02733 u that he assumes is two neutrons bound together. (a) Find the binding energy. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forwardA nuclear physicist finds 1.0of 236Uin a piece of uranium ore (T1/2=2.348107y) . (a) Use die decay law to determine how much 236Uwould had to have been on Earth when it formed 4.543109yago for 1.0gto be left today, (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) How is this unreasonable result resolved?arrow_forward
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