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To construct: A poster to educate tourists as they enter the region, on behalf of an environmental conservation group.
Concept introduction: Elephant stampedes are impulsive movement of panic-struck elephants in masses. The elephants can be panic-struck because of high noises, earthquakes, and so forth. Victoria Falls is at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Victoria Falls is an important tourist spot in Zimbabwe and holds two national parks near it. The national parks include variety of wildlife like Angolan giraffe, African elephant, Cape buffalo, warthog, Burchell’s zebra, and many more.
To explain: The reason why helicopter noise pollution is particularly detrimental to elephants and how a behavior change in elephants could affect other animals.
Concept introduction: Elephant stampedes are impulsive movement of panic-struck elephants in masses. The elephants can be panic-struck because of high noises, earthquakes, and so forth. Victoria Falls is at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Victoria Falls is an important tourist spot in Zimbabwe and holds two national parks near it. The national parks include variety of wildlife like Angolan giraffe, African elephant, Cape buffalo, warthog, Burchell’s zebra, and many more.
To suggest: Elephant-friendly ways to enjoy the falls.
Concept introduction: Elephant stampedes are impulsive movement of panic-struck elephants in masses. The elephants can be panic-struck because of high noises, earthquakes, and so forth. Victoria Falls is at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Victoria Falls is an important tourist spot in Zimbabwe and holds two national parks near it. The national parks include variety of wildlife like Angolan giraffe, African elephant, Cape buffalo, warthog, Burchell’s zebra, and many more.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
- The prefrontal cortex receives extensive input from the amygdala, and it uses information about emotion to make the final determination about whether to engage in a specific behavior. Bechara and his colleagues conducted a study on decision-making that compared healthy individuals to patients with damage to the prefrontal cortex. Which of the following statements about this research is FALSE? A) Over time, patients with prefrontal injuries did not produce anticipatory reactions (sweating) before making a "risky" decision. B) At first, both groups of individuals chose the "risky" option more often. C) Both the healthy individuals and the patients eventually switched to the "safer" option once they figured out how the game worked. D) Over time, healthy individuals began to produce a strong anticipatory reaction (sweating) before making a "risky" decision.arrow_forwardFish produce a hormone called isotocin, a hormone that is similar to oxytocin in mammals. Both hormones, oxytocin and isotocin, have been linked to social behaviors including the suppression of social anxiety, trust, and attachment. Prior to this study, the relationship between isotocin in the bloodstream and the amount of aggression or submission individual cichlid fish display was unknown. The researchers hypothesized that isotocin would suppress aggressive behaviors in cichlids to promote social cohesion as these fish exist in large social groups (schools). To address this hypothesis, each of 10 fish were exposed to two treatments, 1 week apart. One at a time, a fish was randomly selected from the group of 10 and either injected with a saline solution (that served as the control) or with isotocin. After this injection, the fish was returned to its group and the amount of aggressive and submissive behaviors the fish demonstrated was recorded for the next 10 minutes. One week later…arrow_forwardOne of the earliest expressions of fear in infants is: Select one: a. Crying when a toy rolls away b. Co-regulation c. Crying when separated from caregivers d. Hiding after doing something wrongarrow_forward
- Fish produce a hormone called isotocin, a hormone that is similar to oxytocin in mammals. Both hormones, oxytocin and isotocin, have been linked to social behaviors including the suppression of social anxiety, trust, and attachment. Prior to this study, the relationship between isotocin in the bloodstream and the amount of aggression or submission individual cichlid fish display was unknown. The researchers hypothesized that isotocin would suppress aggressive behaviors in cichlids to promote social cohesion as these fish exist in large social groups (schools). To address this hypothesis, each of 10 fish were exposed to two treatments, 1 week apart. One at a time, a fish was randomly selected from the group of 10 and either injected with a saline solution (that served as the control) or with isotocin. After this injection, the fish was returned to its group and the amount of aggressive and submissive behaviors the fish demonstrated was recorded for the next 10 minutes. One week later…arrow_forwardTo study the control of sex hormones on behavior, researchers may remove an animal’s ovaries or testes and then inject the animal with an estrogen or androgen of interest to see what behavioral effects they have. What advantage does this technique have over another approach, which is simply to measure the concentrations of specific hormones in the blood of animal subjects from time to time?arrow_forwardWrite a essay in the form of an introduction to the research area of the topic 'Neuroscience of social behaviour'. write an overview of 4 research articles explaining the contribution of these articles to research in the topic area. the 4 research articles are: orebrain control of behaviorally-driven social orienting in zebrafish by Sarah J. Stednitz perceptual mechanisms of social affiliation in zebrafish by Ana Rita nunes1 Genetic variation in the social environment affects behavioral phenotypes of oxytocin receptor mutants in zebrafish by Diogo Ribeiro1 Biological Motion as an Innate Perceptual Mechanism Driving Social Affiliation by Johannes Larscharrow_forward
- You have received a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to study male signalling in peacock spiders. After your university takes most of that money for overhead costs, you now have a small amount left over to spend on peacock spider research over the next 3 years. What is the first question that you would focus on that you think would increase our understanding of peacock spider male displays the most? State a relevant hypothesis and explain briefly how you would go about testing it.arrow_forwardThe brown-nosed tweety bird can be found in both urban and wild environments. Researchers collected 100 birds from a forest, and divided them into two groups of 50 birds, each with 25 males and 25 females. One group was released into the forest and the other into a nearby city. After 1 year, a group of hardworking students collected all 100 birds and measured stress indices associated with signalling by their "stress glucocorticoid hormone", corticosterone (a steroid). They find that compared to the forest birds, the urban birds have greater levels of a stressed phenotype. Which of the following observations is MOST LIKELY to be part of the explanation for this observation? The urban birds have similar levels of corticosterone, but higher levels of the membrane receptor for this glucocorticoid The urban birds have genetic differences in their glucocorticoid receptor to give it higher affinity, making them more sensitive to corticosterone. The urban birds have lower expression of genes…arrow_forwardIt’s sometimes said that the reason an animal does something is that it’s “for the good of the species.” Why is this argument incorrect?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation? A. flamingo's feathers turn pink after eating crustaceans. B. A snowshoe hare turns white in the winter. C. A robin builds a nest out of sticks and dry grass. D. A Komodo dragon has a poisonous bite.arrow_forwardClassify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.arrow_forwardCreate a mind map with the following items as the central topic: Fish scalesarrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
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