CAMPBELL BIO-MOD.MASTERING ACCESS
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780135351789
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 28, Problem 2TYU
Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondria before plastids partly because
(A) the products of photosynthesis could not be
(B) all eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants), whereas many eukaryotes do not have plastids.
(C) mitochondrial DNA is less similar to prokaryotic DNA than is plastid DNA.
(D) without mitochondrial CO2 production, photosynthesis could not occur.
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The concept of endosymbiosis as applied to chloroplast and mitochondria found in eukaryotes: a) is based on evidence that Chloroplasts and Mitochondria were originally prokaryotes, b) changes present day animals into plants, c) explains how chemical evolution caused the appearance of life, d) allowed chloroplasts to carry out aerobic metabolism, e) all are true.
According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, how did chloroplasts originate?
-by tertiary endosymbiosis
-through secondary endosymbiosis
-from the nuclear envelope folding outward and forming mitochondrial membranes
-from infoldings of the plasma membrane, coupled with mutations of genes for oxygen-using metabolism
-through primary endosymbiosis
Molecular fossils further indicate the presence of ciliates and dinoflagellates in the emerging eukaryotic world and show that algae were expanding to become major photosynthesizers in the oceans. How can we explain this diversification?
Chapter 28 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIO-MOD.MASTERING ACCESS
Ch. 28.1 - Cite at least four examples of structural and...Ch. 28.1 - Summarize the role of endosymbiosis in eukaryotic...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.2 - Why do some biologists describe the mitochondria...Ch. 28.2 - WHAT IF? DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a...Ch. 28.3 - Explain why forams have such a well-preserved...Ch. 28.3 - WHAT IF? Would you expect the plastid DNA of...Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 28.4 - Contrast red algae and brown algae.
Ch. 28.4 - Why is it accurate to say that Ulva is truly...Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.5 - Contrast the pseudopodia of amoebozoans and...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.6 - Justify the claim that photosynthetic protists are...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.6 - WHAT IF? High water temperatures and pollution...Ch. 28.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The bacterium Wolbachia is a...Ch. 28 - Describe similarities and differences between...Ch. 28 - What evidence indicates that the excavates form a...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.3CRCh. 28 - On what basis do systematists place plants in the...Ch. 28 - Describe a key feature for each of the main...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.6CRCh. 28 - Plastids that are Surrounded by more than two...Ch. 28 - Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 28 - According to the phylogeny presented in this...Ch. 28 - In a life cycle with alternation of generations,...Ch. 28 - Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.2,...Ch. 28 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 28 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Applying the If then logic of...Ch. 28 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Organisms...Ch. 28 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This micrograph show's a...
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- What evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondriapreceded plastids in the evolution of eukaryotic cells?arrow_forwardWhat evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondria preceded plastids in the evolution of Eukaryotes cells?arrow_forwardWhat is the endosymbiotic hypothesis for the originof mitochondria and chloroplasts? What evidencesupports this hypothesis?arrow_forward
- How did the evolution of oxygen-releasing photosynthesis in cyanobacteria increase the likelihood that mitochondria would one day evolve?arrow_forwardIt has been suggested that chloroplasts, like mitochondria, evolved from independent living organisms. What features of the chloroplast suggest that this is true?arrow_forwardWhy do scientists believe that mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts? A. because all eukaryotic cells have mitochondria but not all eukaryotic cells have chloroplasts B. because mitochondria are more efficient than chloroplasts C. because mitochondria live longer than chloroplasts D. because mitochondria are larger and stronger than chloroplasts Chrome OS Wienarrow_forward
- DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 did the mystery protist’s lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain.arrow_forwardEndosymbioses that lead to the evolution of euglenoids and, separately, the evolution of chlorarachniophytes were the result of the combining of: a. two ancestral nonphotosynthetic prokaryotes. b. two ancestral photosynthetic prokaryotes. c. a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote with a photosyntheticeukaryote. d. a photosynthetic prokaryote with a nonphotosyntheticeukaryote. e. mitochondria with an already established plastid.arrow_forwardAccording to the endosymbiont theory: a) modern plant cells are able to carry out photosynthesis because their ancestors engulfed cyanobacteria. b) chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic cells. c) ancestral eukaryotic cells acquired the ability to carry out aerobic respiration as a result of engulfing aerobic bacteria. d) a and c e) a, b and carrow_forward
- Figure 23.5 What evidence is there that mitochondria were incorporated into the ancestral eukaryotic cell before chloroplasts?arrow_forwardMolecular evidence supports the view that all plastids evolved from an ancient (a) cyanobacterium (b) archaean (c) diplomonad (d) apicomplexan (e) unikontarrow_forwardExplain why evolutionary biologists are interested in choanoflagellates, green algae, and organisms with mitochondria whose genomes resemble those of bacteriaarrow_forward
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