Connect Access Card for Biology: Concepts and Investigations
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259870033
Author: Mariëlle Hoefnagels Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 29, Problem 5MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Muscle contraction is caused due to the stimulus generated at the neuromuscular junctions. This causes the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the nerve endings. This causes the generation of the action potential for the conduction of the impulses by the movement of the ions. The second step involves the binding of the calcium ions with the actin filaments. The third step includes binding of myosin head to the actin. The fourth step includes the movement of the action over the myosin filaments with the energy released from
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When sarcomeres contract during muscle contraction, which of the following occurs?
A.
The myosin filaments lengthen.
B.
The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin microfilaments.
C.
The myosin filaments shorten.
D.
The actin filaments shorten.
Which is a false statement about skeletal muscle structure?a. A myofibril is composed of multiple muscle fibers.b. Most skeletal muscles attach to bones by connective-tissue tendons.c. Each end of a thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments.d. A cross-bridge is a portion of the myosin molecule.e. Thin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.
Which of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction?
a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other.
b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other.
c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten.
d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Connect Access Card for Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 29.1 - How do the skeletal and muscular systems interact?Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.2 - What are the components of the axial and...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.3 - What are the differences between spongy bone and...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.4 - How do ATP, motor neurons, and calcium ions...Ch. 29.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29 - The axial skeleton is to the appendicular skeleton...Ch. 29 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 29 - Within the first few seconds of a 5- minute race,...Ch. 29 - Distinguish among a hydrostatic skeleton, an...Ch. 29 - Use the Internet to research bone marrow...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 29 - Design an experiment to test whether changes in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 29 - Describe four muscle proteins and their functions.Ch. 29 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 29 - Write the sequence of events that leads to a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 29 - Refer to figure 29.24 and the chapter content to...Ch. 29 - 2. How do bones help maintain blood calcium...Ch. 29 - 3. Add exercise to the concept map in at least...
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- What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell contraction?arrow_forwardIf a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forwardGraph A in this diagram represents A) summation and tetanus of a smooth muscle fibre. C) a simple skeletal muscle twitch c) summation and tetanus of a skeletal muscle fibre. D)simple smooth muscle twitch.arrow_forward
- In muscle cells, magnesium ions compete with calcium ions for binding sites on troponin molecules. If a person has too high a concentration of magnesium ions in the blood, magnesium ions can prevent calcium ions from binding troponin. A) What effect would this have on muscle contraction (strengthen, weaken, or no effect)? B) Use your knowledge of how muscle fibers contract to explain your answer in part A.arrow_forwardMyosin binds to actin, then bends. What is ATP needed for next? A. to pump the Ca++ “keys” back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum B. to replace the strap and cover the binding sites C. to give feedback to the neuron that contraction occurred D. to un-bind myosin from actin and re-set for another powerstroke.arrow_forwardWhat event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex to regain its original shape in muscle relaxation? a. stimulation of ACh receptors b. diffusion of Na+ back into transverse tubules c. return of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. breaking of the bond with tropomyosinarrow_forward
- Which of the following causes ( the state of ) rigor in skeletal muscle ?a) lack of atp b) decrease of intracellular ca2plus c) increase in intracellular ca2+ d) lack of action potential in motor neuronsarrow_forwardIn an isometric contraction, the muscle develops tension but does not: a. Expend energy.b. Exhibit elasticity.c. Lengthen.d. Conduct electrical current.e. Widenarrow_forwardA bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.arrow_forward
- With regard to muscle contraction, which of the following is an INCORRECT statement with regard to the interactions of filaments that occur in the sarcomere? A. When muscles are relaxed tropomyosin blocks binding sites on actin subunits, which keeps cross-bridges from forming. B. The myosin heads conduct a power stroke motion to slide when bound to actin, to move the "thin" filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. C. During contraction, actin subunits are removed from the ends of the "thin" filaments to shorten actin polymers, thus reducing the length of the sarcomere. D. "Thick" filaments are anchored at the M-line, while "thin" filaments are anchored at the Z-line. E. Numerous myosin heads engage with the actin filaments simultaneously, such that there is no back-slipping during the contraction process.arrow_forwardDuring a concentric contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber, myofibrils a. lengthen. b. remain the same length. c. increase in diameter. d. shorten.arrow_forwardWhat happens to sarcomeres when actin and myosin filaments in a muscle fiber interact during the contraction phase? A) sarcomeres usually fatigue B) sarcomeres usually get shorter C) sarcomeres usually get longer D) sarcomeres stay the samearrow_forward
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