Biology Concepts and Investigations 4th Edition (Broward College-Central) BSC 1005
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781307021417
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 29.7, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction
To describe:
The data given in figure 29.21 and the conclusions that researchers drew from these data.
Concept introduction:
Mutations are the changes that take place in the genes of any organism. Genes are those portions of chromosomes that code a functional protein. All the proteins, traits, features and factors that are present in an organism are a result of genes present in an organism. Mutations in these genes make them non-functional or cause the genes to make a defective protein that finally and mostly are harmful and deleterious for that organism in which mutation take place.
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PART III. BIOINFORMATICS AND GENE MODIFICATION EVIDENCE
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: GENETICS AND EVOLUTIONCircle the mutation in DNA of the sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment in the table below:
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
 C  A  C  G  T  A  G  A  C  T  G  A  G  G  A  C  T  C
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
 C  A  C  G  T  A  G  A  C  T  G  A  G  G  A  C  A  C
Transcribe beta-globin DNA into mRNA. Note: DNA is already arranged in triplet sets (below).
Translate mRNA codons into amino acids of hemoglobin protein sequence using the chart on page 3.
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Wild-type…
The schematic on the right is for which molecular biology method? Â
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What information does this method reveal?
DNA sequences were analyzed from humans and three other mammals: species X, Y, and Z. Which of these mammals is most closely related to humans? (Note: Regions identical to human DNA are shown in bold type.)
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology Concepts and Investigations 4th Edition (Broward College-Central) BSC 1005
Ch. 29.1 - How do the skeletal and muscular systems interact?Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.2 - What are the components of the axial and...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.3 - What are the differences between spongy bone and...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 29.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.4 - How do ATP, motor neurons, and calcium ions...Ch. 29.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29 - The axial skeleton is to the appendicular skeleton...Ch. 29 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 29 - Within the first few seconds of a 5- minute race,...Ch. 29 - Distinguish among a hydrostatic skeleton, an...Ch. 29 - Use the Internet to research bone marrow...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 29 - Design an experiment to test whether changes in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 29 - Describe four muscle proteins and their functions.Ch. 29 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 29 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 29 - Write the sequence of events that leads to a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 29 - Refer to figure 29.24 and the chapter content to...Ch. 29 - 2. How do bones help maintain blood calcium...Ch. 29 - 3. Add exercise to the concept map in at least...
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- If a sequence from another species showed a 96 percent sequence similarity to humans, would that species be more or less closely related to humans than chimpanzees are?arrow_forwardWhich of the following technologies would be useful to assess natural patterns of mRNA abundance in the brain of a reptile species that has never been the focus of genetic research before? Group of answer choices DNA microarray RNA-sequencing with Illumina DNA-sequencing with Illumina RNA microarrayarrow_forwardDo the data in the graph indicate that the mutation rates per base-pair in some taxa, such as mammals, are not at the lowest possible rate? Is this evidence that a certain level of mutations is an adaptation? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- A cladogram shows the evolutionary relationship between humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas. The cladogram currently shows humans and chimpanzees with a more recent common ancestor compared to gorillas. Which piece of evidence, if true, would most likely weaken this hypothesis? Amino acid analysis of the cytochrome shows significant differences in the sequence of amino acids between humans and goriffas. DNA sequence analysis of the hemoglobin alpha gene shows that humans and chimpanzees have a more similar sequence to each other than they do to the gorilla's DNA sequence. The cells of the eye in embryos of gorillas and humans follow a similar pattern of development chimpanzee embryos are different Fossils of humans appear in deeper sedimentary rock layers compared to fossils of chimpanzees.arrow_forwardWhich of the following examples from class show that a mutation can have evolutionary benefits? Group of answer choices  C) Hox mutations that lead to legs developing on fruit flies where antennae should be  A and B  A, B, and C  B) Hox mutations leading to limbs with digits forming from lobe fins  A) Stickleback fish mutationarrow_forwardUse the sequences below to determine what type of mutation has occurred by comparing the normal sequence to the mutated sequence.  Normal Gene Sequence: 3'- ATAGCTAAGCCCATGCGG-5' Mutated Gene Sequence 3'-ATAGCTAAGCCCAGGTGCGG-5'arrow_forward
- Is it possible to clone a dinosaur? Can you support your answer with ideas/information?arrow_forwardHumans carry a variety of non-functional genetic sequences, called processed pseudogenes, in their DNA. we can estimate how long ago these sequences first appeared in the genomes of our ancestors. In humans, processed pseudogenes include the three options below which would be the least widespread among other primate species a. alpha-enolase psi1 (11 million years old) b. AS PSI 7 (16 million years old) c. CALM II PSI3 (36 million years old)arrow_forwardAn adult human has a flat face with a small jaw and large cranium. An adult chimpanzee has a large jaw and small cranium. Both juvenile chimps and humans have heads similar to adult humans. Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for this pattern? Group of answer choices  A) genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in chimps during development B) head shape is controlled by cytoplasmic determinants C)genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in humans during development D) chimps and humans have completely different genes controlling the formation of the headarrow_forward
- In the example below, the letters represent amino acids that make up a polypeptide found in all the vertebrates listed. Use the steps outlined above to construct a cladogram from the different amino acid sequences given. Assume that the sequences are already aligned and begin with comparing the number of differences between species.arrow_forwardYou want to make a phylogenetic tree of a group of three related species of lizards that live on an island. Their genome sequences are highly similar except for a gene that controls body size. In that region of the genome, one of the lizard species has one copy of the growth control gene (L1), the second species has a duplication of the growth control gene (L2) and the third species has three copies of the same gene (L3). The lizard species show an increase in size depending on how many copies of the growth control gene they have (L1 is smallest, L2 is medium-sized and L3 is largest). Is this enough information to determine the phylogenetic relationships between the species, and predict which of the species arrived on the island first (and is the ancestral species)? Yes, because the ancestral lizard genome probably had a single copy of the growth control gene and after arriving on the island it was duplicated, resulting in species L2, and then another duplication occurred resulting in…arrow_forwardCount the instances where there is any difference in the amino acid in the alignment of the six sequences and write that number below. Did you find any clades in this alignment? Describe your results. You must describe in detail the relationships between the sequences in this tree. Describe in detail how this combined tree changed the relationships between the sequences in comparison to the two separate trees that you created in the previous section abovearrow_forward
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