CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135191811
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain:
What type of amino acids are present in the DNA-binding region of proteins.
Concept introduction:
DNA-binding proteins are a specific type of protein that contain DNA-binding domains. They possess a high affinity toward single or double-stranded DNA molecules. These DNA-binding proteins interact with DNA molecules at a major or minor groove of the DNA structure. These proteins help in modulating the function of DNA, for example, transcription.
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Suppose that the gene for a protein 500 amino acids in length undergoes a mutation. If the mutation causes the synthesis of a
mutant protein in which just one of the 500 amino acids is incorrect, the protein may lose its biological function.
How can a small change in a protein's sequence inactivate the protein?
The catalytic site of the protein may be malformed, preventing complementary fit.
RNA may not recognize the altered DNA sequence, and bases may pair incorrectly.
It may alter the shape of the protein's molecular chaperone, preventing proper protein folding.
The active site may base pair incorrectly with the complementary DNA strand.
The resulting protein may fold incorrectly and may not attain its native conformation.
Consider the following DNA sequence:CATGTGTAGTCTAAAa. Write the sequence of the DNA strand that would be repli-cated from this one.b. Write the sequence of the RNA molecule that would betranscribed from the DNA strand.c. State how many codons the sequence specifies.d. State how many amino acids the sequence specifies
Models of real-world phenomena can reveal important links between structure and function in biology. Describe how the structure of DNA revealed by theWatson and Crick model suggests how it functions in living things.
Chapter 3 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 3.1 - How are gasoline and fat chemically similar?Ch. 3.1 - Which molecules in Figure 3.4a re isomers? For...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 3.2 - How many molecules of water are needed to...Ch. 3.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose you eat a serving of fish. What...Ch. 3.3 - Write the formula for a monosaccharide that has...Ch. 3.3 - A dehydration reaction joins two glucose molecules...Ch. 3.3 - WHAT IF? After a cow is given antibiotics to treat...Ch. 3.4 - Compare the structure of a fat (triglyceride) with...
Ch. 3.4 - Why are human sex hormones considered lipids?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.5 - Why does a denatured protein no longer function...Ch. 3.5 - What parts of a polypeptide participate in the...Ch. 3.5 - WHAT IF? Where would you expect a polypeptide...Ch. 3.6 - DRAW IT Go to Figure 3.27a and, for the top three...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 3.7 - How would sequencing the entire genome of an...Ch. 3.7 - Given the function of DNA, why would you expect...Ch. 3 - Which functional group is not present in this...Ch. 3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Which chemical group is most...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 3 - The structural level of a protein least a fleeted...Ch. 3 - Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 3 - The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What...Ch. 3 - Construct a table that organizes the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 3 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Proteins, which have diverse...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 3 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Given that the function...
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- Suppose you are provided with a sequence of nucleotides. How would you determine if the sequence is of mRNA, tRNA, or DNA molecules?arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion to all parts Total nucleic acids are extracted from a culture of cells and are then mixed with resin beads to which the polynucleotide 5'-TITTTITTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3' has been covalently attached. After a short incubation, the beads are then extracted from the mixture. When you analyze the cellular nucleic acids that have stuck to the beads, which of the following molecules do you expect to be most abundant?arrow_forwardDetermine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?)arrow_forward
- Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?) 3' TACATGGTTGTGCTAATT 5' Carrow_forwardGiven the following DNA strand: TACAGAGATAACCGAATT A. Write the corresponding strand that would form the other half of the DNA molecule. B. Transcribe the original DNA strand (TACAGAGATAACCGAATT) and write the sequence of bases found in the resulting messenger RNA molecule. C. Translate your messenger RNA molecule and write the sequence of amino acids in the resulting protein (the genetic code is provided below).arrow_forwardSuppose you are studying two different mutations in a gene that codes for a protein. In the first, a nonsense mutation occurs near the beginning of the gene. In the second, a nonsense mutation occurs near the end of a gene. Which mutation is more likely to affect the proteins function? Why?arrow_forward
- Students are modeling MRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the MRNA strand being transcribed? The MRNA strand is complimentary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine. O The MRNA strand is complimentary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine. O The MRNA strand is an exact copy the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine. The MRNA strand is an exact copy the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine. a |理 2 Type here to searcharrow_forwardBoring magasanik collected data on the proportion of each base in RNA from different species. To compare the relative amount of each base, he standardized thr value of adenine to 10. Relative amounts of other bases were calculated based on this value for adenine. For each of the listed body parts listed, give the proportion of purine to pyrimidines in a decimal form. Rat liver nuclei Rabbit liver nuclei Cat brainarrow_forwardCalculate how many triplet codons would be possible had evolution seized on six bases (three complementary base pairs) rather than four bases with which to construct DNA. Would six bases accommodate a two-letter code, assuming 20 amino acids and start and stop codons?arrow_forward
- Below are the steps of protein synthesis. What is the correct sequential order? 1. MRNA is formed with codons as product of transcription. 2. Codons are translated and polypeptide chain is transferred. 3. mRNA moves into cytoplasm and becomes associated with ribosomes. 4. DNA in nucleus serves as a template. 5. Anticodon - codon complementary base pairing occurs with tRNA and MRNA. * 4, 1, 3, 2, 5 4, 3, 1, 5, 2 O 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 O 4, 1, 3, 5, 2arrow_forwardHIV, the virus that causes AIDS, depends on an enzyme called reverse transcriptase two multiply. Reverse transcriptase reads a molecule of RNA and creates a molecule of DNA from it. A molecule of AZT, an anti-AIDS drug, has a shape very similar to ( but a bit different than) that of the DNA base thymine. Proposed a model for how AZT Inhibits HIV.arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forward
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