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Carbon dioxide
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Student Study Guide for Chemistry
- Methanol, CH3OH, is prepared industrially from the gas-phase catalytic balanced reaction that has been depicted here using molecular models. In a laboratory test, a reaction vessel was filled with 41.1 g CO und 10.2 g H2. How many grams of methanol would be produced in a complete reaction? Which reactant remains unconsumed at the end of the reaction? How many grams of it remain?arrow_forward3.68 Magnesium is lighter than other structural metals, so it is increasingly important in the design of more efficient vehicles. Mg2+ ions are present in seawater, and the metal is often prepared by "harvesting" these ions and converting them to Mg metal. The average magnesium content of the oceans is about 1270 g Mg2+ per ton of seawater, and the density of seawater is about 1.03 g/mL. What is the molarity of Mg2+ ions in seawater? The design for a concept car calls for 103 kg of magnesium per vehicle. How many gallons of seawater would be required to supply enough magnesium to build one of these ears?arrow_forwardWhen washing soda, Na2CO3, reacts with sulfuric acid, H2SO4, the equation is Na2CO3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) CO2(g) + H2O() + Na2SO4(aq) (a) Describe in words the meaning of this chemical equation. (b) Verify that the equation conforms to the law of conservation of matter.arrow_forward
- Propane, C3H8, is the fuel of choice in a gas barbecue. When burning, the balanced equation is C3H8+5O23CO2+4H2O a What is the limiting reactant in cooking with a gas grill? b If the grill will not light and you know that you have an ample flow of propane to the burner, what is the limiting reactant? c When using a gas grill you can sometimes turn the gas up to the point at which the flame becomes yellow and smokey. In terms of the chemical reaction, what is happening?arrow_forwardConsider the chemical reaction 2 S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3. If the reaction is run by adding S indefinitely to a fixed amount of O2, which of these graphs best represents the formation of SO3? Explain your choice.arrow_forward4.69 The pictures below show a molecular-scale view of a chemical reaction between H2 and CO to produce methanol, CH3OH. The box on the left represents the reactants at the instant of mixing, and the box on the right shows what is left once the reaction has gone to completion. Was there a limiting reactant in this reaction? If so, what was it? Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. As usual, your equation should use the smallest possible whole number coefficients for all substances.arrow_forward
- 3.107 As computer processor speeds increase, it is necessary for engineers to increase the number of circuit elements packed into a given area. Individual circuit elements are often connected using very small copper “wires” deposited directly onto the surface of the chip. In some processors, these copper interconnects are about 22 nm wide. How many copper atoms would be in a 1-mm length of such an interconnect, assuming a square cross section? (The density of copper is 8.96 g/cm3.)arrow_forward3.96 Methyl cyanoacrylate is the chemical name for the substance sold as Super Glue, and it has the chemical formula C5H5NO2. Calculate the number of molecules of this substance in a 1.0-ounce tube of Super Glue, assuming that the glue is 80% methyl cyanoacrylate by mass.arrow_forward3.117 For the oxides of iron, FeO, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4, describe how you would determine which has the greatest percentage by mass of oxygen. Would you need to look up any information to solve this problem?arrow_forward
- The present average concentration (mass percent) of magnesium ions in seawater is 0.13%. A chemistry textbook estimates that if 1.00 × 108 tons Mg were taken out of the sea each year, it would take one million years for the Mg concentration to drop to 0.12%. Do sufficient calculations to either verify or refute this statement. Assume that Earth is a sphere with a diameter of 8000 mi, 67% of which is covered by oceans to a depth of 1 mi, and that no Mg is washed back into the oceans at any time.arrow_forwardEmissions from the burning of fossil fuels are often reported as gigatons ( Gt ) of carbon. In a calendar year, China emitted 2.9 Gt of carbon while the Unites States released 1.5 Gt of carbon. To what mass in gigatons of CO2CO2 do these amounts of carbon correspond?arrow_forwardSuppose you are hired by the Environmental Protection Agency as an engineer to measure sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in a small industrial power plant. And suppose you analyze a gas sample and get the following composition: 75.66% N2, 10.24% CO2, 8.27% H2O, 5.75% O2, and 0.0825% SO2. You show these figures to the factory clerk the next day, and he insists that this analysis is erroneous and states that the fuel is natural gas, contains methane and ethane and does not contain sulfur. You ask if another fuel is used, and sometimes they say they use fuel as fuel, but at the time of analysis they say that this fuel is not used. However, your measurements show that the enterprise is using fuel at the time of measurement, and the responsible person accepts this later and accepts that they have made mistakes.a) Calculate the molar ratio of carbon / hydrogen in the fuel and use the result to prove that the fuel cannot be natural gas.b) Assuming that C, H and S are the elements present in the…arrow_forward
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