Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance
Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259870453
Author: Scott K Powers, Edward T Howley
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 1O
Summary Introduction

To discuss: The function of the cell membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria.

Introduction: A cell is the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of the living organisms, which is bounded by a cell membrane. A cell contains different organelles. Each organelle has its own specific features and functions. Each cellular organelle possesses different structural peculiarities.

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Explanation of Solution

The functions of the cell membrane are as follows:

  • It is a semipermeable barrier that basically separates the cell from extracellular membrane.
  • Cell membrane encloses the cellular components.
  • This membrane regulates the passage of various types of molecules in or out of the cell.

The functions of nucleus are as follows:

  • It contains genetic information in its chromatin.
  • It is the control center of the cell.
  • Nucleus plays an essential role in cell division.

The functions of mitochondria are as follows:

  • They convert the complex form of chemical energy into a simpler form of chemical energy that is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • Inside the mitochondria, cellular respiration occurs, which includes glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation.
  • It is also called as the “power house” of the cell and produces around 95 percentage of the ATP required by the cell.
  • Mitochondria can store calcium that helps in maintaining homeostasis of the level of calcium in the cell.
  • They regulate the cellular metabolism and also have roles in apoptosis, thermogenesis, and cell signaling.

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