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Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis
A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures.
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13).
Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein.
Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles traveling from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells.
In which organelle is the amount of CFTR protein most similar in both types of cells?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY TODAY AND TOMORROW WITHOUT
- Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles travel in g from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. Which organelle contains the least amount of CFTR protein in normal cells? In CF cells?arrow_forwardSimple and facilitated diffusion differ because _____________. simple diffusion requires the presence of a transport protein within the plasma membrane, while facilitated diffusion does not ions being transported by simple diffusion move against their electrochemical gradients, while ions being transported by facilitated diffusion move along their electrochemical gradients 3.facilitated diffusion requires the presence of a transport protein within the plasma membrane, while simple diffusion does not 4. ions being transported by simple diffusion move along their electrochemical gradients, while ions being transported by facilitated diffusion move against their electrochemical gradientsarrow_forwardextracellular concentration time extracellular concentration While studying the rate of transport of a molecule into muscle cells, the above graphs were obtained. These graphs are consistent with which of the following transport mechanisms? Select all that apply. Active transport Facilitated Diffusion Transport via specific membrane proteins Simple Diffusion intracellular concentration transport ratearrow_forward
- Diffusion is incredibly important for the proper functioning of cells. Our question today is whether or not it is diffusion that is the cause of the commonalities between different cells in their size and shape. You will be measuring the rates of diffusion in cell models that are cut into different shapes and sizesarrow_forwardHow is active transport different from simple diffusion? Both active transport and simple diffusion transport molecules against the concentration gradient. In active transport, molecules are moved down the concentration gradient; on the B contrary, molecules to be transported in simple diffusion are moved against the concentration gradient. In active transport, molecules are transported with the aid of transport proteins; on the © other hand, molecules to be transported in simple diffusion do not need transport proteins. In active transport, molecules that are transported does not need metabolic energy; in contrast, molecules transported in simple diffusion need metabolic energy.arrow_forwardBeing an integral membrane protein is critical to the function of which of the following protein complexes? Select all that apply. There is a minimum of one and a maximum of eight correct answers. Dynein Tubulin Integrin Complex III of the electron transport chain Collagen Aquaporinarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are correct? Explain your answers. The plasma membrane is highly impermeable to all charged molecules. Channels have specific binding pockets for the solute molecules they allow to pass. Transporters allow solutes to cross a membrane at much faster rates than do channels. Certain H+ pumps are fueled by light energy. The plasma membrane of many animal cells contains open K+ channels, yet the K+ concentration in the cytosol is much higher than outside the cell. A symport would function as an antiport if its orientation in the membrane were reversed (i.e., if the portion of the molecule normally exposed to the cytosol faced the outside of the cell instead). The membrane potential of an axon temporarily becomes more negative when an action potential excites it.arrow_forwardIf the boundary layer around a cell is thick, diffusion rate will ... be faster than a thinner boundary layer slow down transcellular transport open more ion channels. alter active transport.arrow_forwardTONICITY DRAG THE WORDS INTO THE BLANK SPACES BELOW TO ACCURATELY COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH Hypotonic Osmosis water Swell Cell wall animal cell plant cell Facilitated Stay the same Hypertonic Diffusion Isotonic Shrink A Let's put both cells into Solution B. Because Solution B is hypertonic to the cytoplasms of the cells, we would expect water to the cells through the process of This would result in the cytoplasm of both cells shrinking. Now we'll put both the plant and the animal cell into Solution C, which, because it contains no solutes at all, is to the cytoplasm of both cells. will enter both cells through osmosis. The animal cell is likely to unfortunately. The plant cell, however, is protected from this because of the presence of its which is lacking in the animal cell.arrow_forward
- True or False? The selective permeability of the plasma membrane allows all substances to pass through the membrane, ensuring that the inside of the cell is in constant interaction with its external environment.arrow_forwardCrossing a cell membrane by simple diffusion can be distinguished from facilitated diffusion by which of the following: Select all that apply. Simple diffusion moves molecules down a concentration gradient while facilitated diffusion moves molecules up a concentration gradient Simple diffusion does not require membrane proteins; facilitated diffusion requires specific membrane proteins Simple diffusion does not require energy; facilitated diffusion requires energy Simple diffusion is not saturable; facilitated diffusion rates are limited by the number of functional membrane proteins and can be saturatedarrow_forwardCell membrane and Hyaline membrane disease Cell membrane diseases are life-threatening diseases that are genetic in nature and usually acts against the proteins in our bodies that are the key to ion channels and various receptors within the membrane. Hyaline membrane disease or Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is one of the cell membrane disease. Is commonly associates with preterm infants. Hyaline membrane disease affects the lungs at the time of birth. It causes respiratory distress. Symptoms of this disease are bluish tint of the skin, rapid od shallow breathing, fast heart rate as in the case of heart rhythm disorder, reduced urine output and flaring sound while breathing. There are some treatments for this disease that to check the color of the skin and breathing pattern of the body, to check the echocardiography for any heart problems, to do the X-ray the lungs to check the formation of glasslike layer, and blood gas tests. this part provide an alternative disease that…arrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
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