Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 4Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A Danish physician “Hans Christian Gram” developed a technique of staining that determines two groups of bacteria that differ from each other. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria differ due to the differences in the peptidoglycan layer of the cell envelope. Cell envelope is composed of two or three layers that are cell membrane, cell wall, and outer membrane (in some bacteria).
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How do Gram-negative bacteria differ from Gram-positivebacteria?a. They are not pathogenic.b. Their peptidoglycan cell wall is thinner.c. Gram-negative bacteria cannot be Gram stained.d. They possess a single plasma membrane.e. Gram-negative bacteria do not photosynthesize.
Which of the following is present in both gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls?a. an outer membrane b. peptidoglycanc. teichoic acidd. lipopolysaccharides
Which of the following statement about the bacterial cell wall is INCORRECT?
a. The cell wall is relatively nonpermeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids.
b. Gram-positive cells have more peptidoglycan in theircell walls than Gram-negative cells.
c. Gram-negative cells have a membrane both inside andoutside their cell walls.
d. The cell wall establishes a bacterium’s shape as a coccus,bacillus, or spirillum.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 3.1 - List the structures all bacteria possess.Ch. 3.1 - Identify three structures some but not all...Ch. 3.1 - Describe three major shapes of bacteria.Ch. 3.1 - Provide at least four terms to describe bacterial...Ch. 3.2 - Describe the structure and function of six...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 3.2 - Q. Device-associated infections are very common...Ch. 3.3 - Differentiate between the two main types of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 3.3 - Prob. 9AYP
Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2MMCh. 3.4 - Identify seven structures that may be contained in...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 3.4 - Prob. 1NPCh. 3.5 - Compare and contrast the major features of...Ch. 3.6 - Differentiate between Bergeys Manual of Systematic...Ch. 3.6 - Name four divisions ending in cutes and describe...Ch. 3.6 - Define a species in terms of bacteria.Ch. 3 - Archaea a. are most genetically related to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2QCh. 3 - Suppose an argument in your city has erupted about...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4QCh. 3 - As a supervisor in the infection control unit, you...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6QCh. 3 - Prob. 7QCh. 3 - Prob. 8QCh. 3 - Bacteria and archaea have a much greater diversity...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10QCh. 3 - Bacteria have been found to change the structures...Ch. 3 - Bacterial and archaeal chromosomes are not...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13QCh. 3 - The results of your patients wound culture just...Ch. 3 - We know that bacteria/archaea and their genetics...Ch. 3 - Find the true statement about biofilms. a. They...Ch. 3 - Suggest more than one reason why bacteria may...Ch. 3 - Construct arguments agreeing with and refuting...Ch. 3 - Which of the following would be used to identify...Ch. 3 - During the cold war between the Soviet Union and...Ch. 3 - During the cold war between the Soviet Union and...Ch. 3 - From chapter 2, figure 2.18. Explain why some...
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- The surface-to-volume ratio _______. a. does not apply to prokaryotic cells. b. constrains cell size. c. is part of the cell bodyarrow_forwardWhich of the following is present in both gram-positive and gramnegativecell walls?a. an outer membrane. c. teichoic acidb. peptidoglycan d.lipopolysaccharidesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is present in both gram-positive and gramnegativecell walls?a. an outer membrane c. teichoic acidb. peptidoglycan d. lipopolysaccharidesarrow_forward
- Which group of bacteria contains the gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium that causes botulism? (a) clostridia (b) actinomycetes (c) enterobacteria (d) spirochetes (e) streptococciarrow_forwardCan you answer all the parts to this question please A. What is the difference in peptidoglycans in gram negative vs gram positive cells/ B. Why does Gram stain not bind to gram negative bacteria?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? Select one: O a. Gram-positive bacterial walls have a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan anchored to the acids O b. Peptidoglycan is a fatty acid O c. The cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan O d. Peptidoglycan is found mainly in the cell walls of fungi, algae and plantsarrow_forward
- Your friend Jim Crackcorn has developed a new antibiotic that damages the integrity of the cell wall by breaking down peptidoglycan. Jim tells you that he predicts that gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria and archaeal cells will be equally sensitive to this antibiotic. Do you agree with Jim’s prediction? If you agree, explain in your own words why you agree. If you disagree, explain in your own words what you would predict and why.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE regarding Gram negative bacteria? a- Their cell wall is composed of a large proportion of sugars b- Their cell wall does not absorb the Gram stain and turns pink c- Their cell wall is composed of a small proportion of peptidoglycan d- Two of the above statements are truearrow_forwardPlease explain in simple worlds What is peptidoglycan that are found in gram cell walls?arrow_forward
- Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls. True or False?arrow_forwardLysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial: Question 5 options: A) cell membrane. B) capsule. C) cell wall. D) DNA.arrow_forwardSelect a statement that is not correct about bacterial fimbriae? A. they protect the cell from dehydration B. they are called attachment pili to distinguish them from the pili used to transfer DNA during conjugation C. they are used to attach the cell to its substrate or to other prokaryote D. they are hair-like projections that aid in attachment.arrow_forward
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Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxujitlv8wc;License: Standard youtube license