Chapter 3, Problem 51P

a.

To determine

Calculate equity investment balance as of January 1, 2016.

Explanation of Solution

An acquisition of assets is the purchase of a corporation by purchasing its assets rather than its stock. An acquisition is when one company acquires most or all of the shares of another company to gain control over that company. An investment in equity is money which is invested in a company by buying that company's shares in the stock market. Typically, those shares are traded in a stock exchange.

The balance of the Equity Investment account at the beginning of the year equals the subsidiary's Stockholders' Equity plus the [A] assets' undepreciated and unamortized balances. Since the [A] assets with a useful life have now been depreciated or amortized for 4 years, the Equity Investment account's starting balance is as follows:

BOY retained earnings of subsidiary is $\$951,000$.

Common stock of subsidiary is $\$122,400$.

APIC of subsidiary is $\$153,600$.

Calculate BOY stockholders equity of subsidiary:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{BOY stockholders equity of subsidiary}=\text{BOY retained earnings}+\text{Common stock}+\text{APIC}\\ =\$951,000+\$122,400+\$153,600\\ =\$1,227,000\end{array}$

Particulars	Amount ($)
BOY Stockholders Equity	$\$1,227,000$
Patent $(\$240,000-4\times \$30,000)$	$\$120,000$
Goodwill	$\$300,000$
Equity investment balance	$\$1,647,000$

Table (1)

Hence, the equity investment balance as of January 1, 2016 is $\$1,647,000$.

b.

To determine

Exhibit computations to yield the parent company's reported Equity Income in its income

statement during 2016.

Explanation of Solution

Equity income is money generated from stock dividends that investors can access by buying dividend-declared stocks or by buying funds that invest in dividend-declared stocks.

The computations to yield the parent company’s reported Equity Investment is as follows:

Particulars	Amount ($)
Subsidiary net income	$\$257,400$
Less: Depreciation/amortization	$30,000$
Equity Income	$\underset{\_}{\underset{\_}{\$227,400}}$

Table (1)

Working notes:

Subsidiary’s net income is $\$257,400$

Depreciation/Amortization is $\$30,000$

Hence, the equity income reported by the parent is $\$227,400$

c.

To determine

Exhibit computations to yield the parent company's reported Equity Investment.

Explanation of Solution

An investment in equity is money which is invested in a company by buying that company's shares in the stock market. Typically, those shares are traded in a stock exchange.

The computations to yield the parent company’s reported Equity Investment is as follows:

Particulars	Amount ($)
Beginning Equity Investment	$\$1,647,000$
Equity Income	$227,400$
Less: Dividends	$38,400$
Ending Equity Investment	$\underset{\_}{\underset{\_}{\$1,836,000}}$

Table (1)

Working notes:

BOY retained earnings of subsidiary is $\$951,000$.

Common stock of subsidiary is $\$122,400$.

APIC of subsidiary is $\$153,600$.

Calculate BOY stockholders equity of subsidiary:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{BOY stockholders equity of subsidiary}=\text{BOY retained earnings}+\text{Common stock}+\text{APIC}\\ =\$951,000+\$122,400+\$153,600\\ =\$1,227,000\end{array}$

Particulars	Amount ($)
BOY Stockholders Equity	$\$1,227,000$
Patent $(\$240,000-4\times \$30,000)$	$\$120,000$
Goodwill	$\$300,000$
Equity investment balance	$\$1,647,000$

Table (1)

Equity income of parent company is $\$227,400$

Dividend of the subsidiary is $\$38,400$

Hence, the ending equity investment reported by the parent is $\$1,836,000$

d.

To determine

Prepare the consolidation entries for the year ended Dec 31, 2016.

Explanation of Solution

Consolidated financial statements are a group of entities financial statements that are presented as those of a single economic entity. They are the financial statements of a group in which the parent company and its subsidiaries introduce their assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, expenses and cash flows as those of a single business organization.

Consolidated accounting is used to club a parent company's financial information and one or more subsidiaries. The parent prepares consolidated financial statements through adjustment of entries and elimination of transactions between companies.

The required consolidation journal entries are as follows:

Date	Account title and Explanation	Post Ref	Debit ($)	Credit ($)
	[C] Equity Income (P)		$\$227,400$
	Dividends (S)			$\$38,400$
	Equity Investment (P)			$\$189,000$
	(To eliminate all changes in the Equity Investment account, leaving only beginning balance in the account)
	[E]  Common Stock (S) @ BOY		$\$122,400$
	APIC (S) @BOY		$\$153,600$
	Retained Earnings (S) @BOY		$\$951,000$
	Equity Investment (P)@BOY			$\$1,227,000$
	(To eliminate the portion of the investment account related to the book value of the subsidiary's Stockholders' Equity @ BOY)
	[A]  Patent (S) @ BOY		$\$120,000$
	Goodwill (S) @ BOY		$\$300,000$
	Equity Investment (P) @ BOY			$\$420,000$
	(To assign the remaining Equity Investment account (i.e., unamortizedBOY AAP) to appropriate asset & liability accounts)
	[D]  EOY Operating expenses (S)		$\$30,000$
	Patent			$\$30,000$
	(To record depreciation and amortization expense for the [A] assets)
	[I] No intercompany transactions

Table (1)

e.

To determine

Prepare the consolidation spreadsheet for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Explanation of Solution

Consolidated financial statements are a group of entities financial statements that are presented as those of a single economic entity. They are the financial statements of a group in which the parent company and its subsidiaries introduce their assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, expenses and cash flows as those of a single business organization.

A consolidated balance sheet provides a parent company's assets and liabilities and all of its subsidiaries in a legal document, without any differentiation on which items pertain to which companies.

Consolidation worksheet is an instrument used to prepare a parent's consolidated financial statements and their subsidiaries. It demonstrates the individual book values of companies, the adjustments and eliminations necessary, and the consolidated final values.

The consolidated spreadsheet for the year ended December 31, 2016x is shown below:

						Elimination entries
Income Statement		Parent		Subsidiary		Dr		Cr		Consolidated
Sales		3,669,000		1,840,800						5,509,800
Cost of goods sold		(2,857,800)		(1,104,600)						(3,962,400)
Gross Profit		811,200		736,200						1,547,400
Investment Income		227,400			[C]	227,400				0
Operating Expenses		(595,200)		(478,800)	[D]	30,000				(1,104,000)
Net Income		443,400		257,400						443,400
Statement of Retained Earnings
Beginning Retained Earnings		1,754,400		951,000	[E]	951,000				1,754,400
Net Income		443,400		257,400						443,400
Dividends		(150,000)		(38,400)			[C]	38,400		(150,000)
Ending retained Earnings		2,047,800		1,170,000						2,047,800
Balance Sheet
Assets
Cash		$390,000		$474,000						$864,000
Accounts receivable		715,800		427,200						1,143,000
Inventory		1,540,200		548,400						2,088,600
Equity investment		1,836,000					[C]	189,000		0
							[E]	1,227,000
							[A]	420,000
PPE, net		2,802,000		1,015,200	[A]	0	[D]	0		3,817,200
Patent					[A]	120,000	[D]	30,000		90,000
					[A]	0	[D]	0		0
Goodwill					[A]	300,000				300,000
		$7,284,000		$2,464,800						$8,302,800
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity
Accounts payable		583,200		$175,200						758,400
Accrued liabilities		690,000		229,200						919,200
Long-term Liabilities		1,800,000		614,400						2,414,400
Common stock		618,000		122,400	[E]	122,400				618,000
APIC		1,545,000		153,600	[E]	153,600				1,545,000
Retained earnings		2,047,800		1,170,000						2,047,800
		$7,284,000		$2,464,800		1,904,400		1,904,400		$8,302,800

f.

To determine

Perform the test for potential Goodwill impairment and prepare any journal entries necessary as a consequence of that test.

Explanation of Solution

An acquisition of assets is the purchase of a corporation by purchasing its assets rather than its stock. An acquisition is when one company acquires most or all of the shares of another company to gain control over that company. An investment in equity is money which is invested in a company by buying that company's shares in the stock market. Typically, those shares are traded in a stock exchange.

Goodwill is an intangible asset associated with one company being purchased from another. In particular, goodwill is the portion of the purchase price which is higher than the sum of the net fair value of all the assets purchased during the acquisition and the liabilities assumed during the acquisition process. If the acquired assets are not a business, then as an asset acquisition, the reporting entity shall account for the transaction or other event. Goodwill impairment is an accounting charge recorded by companies when the carrying value of the goodwill on the financial statements exceeds its fair value. Goodwill is recorded in accounting after a company retains assets and liabilities, and needs to pay a price that exceeds its identifiable net value. Goodwill impairment testing must be performed annually and every year on about the same date. Companies can either choose to run the quantitative impairment test specifically, or take advantage of the opportunity to undertake a qualitative impairment test. If a company chooses to perform a qualitative impairment test, then the company must perform a quantitative impairment test if the appropriate events and circumstances signify that it is more probable than not that a reporting unit's fair value is lower than its carrying amount

Because the fair value of the subsidiary ($3 million) is less than the book value of the equity investment account ($3,110,032), Goodwill is therefore potentially impaired and you should continue to the second part of the impairment test. Goodwill impairment is an accounting charge recorded by companies when the carrying value of the goodwill on the financial statements exceeds its fair value.

The implied fair value of goodwill is computed as follows:

Particulars	Amount ($)
Fair value of the subsidiary	$\$1,800,000$
Fair value of the net assets exclusive of goodwill	$1,600,000$
Implied fair value of goodwill	$200,000$
Book value of goodwill	$300,000$
Goodwill impairment	$\$(100,000)$

Table (1)

Hence, the goodwill asset is found to be impaired.

Goodwill is an intangible asset associated with one company being purchased from another. Goodwill impairment is an accounting charge recorded by companies when the carrying value of the goodwill on the financial statements exceeds its fair value.

Goodwill with the following journal entry has to be written down to its implied value of $200,000:

Date	Accounting Explanation	Amount ($)	Amount ($)
	Equity income from S	$\$100,000$
	Equity investment		$\$100,000$
	(to write down the book value of goodwill)

Table (1)

Goodwill will now be reported at $200,000 on the consolidated balance sheet, and a loss on goodwill write- down will be reported in the consolidated income statement. Thereafter, the goodwill asset cannot be written up if the fair value of the subsidiary improves.

g.

To determine

Prepare the consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated income statement and consolidated statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Explanation of Solution

Consolidated financial statements are a group of entities financial statements that are presented as those of a single economic entity. They are the financial statements of a group in which the parent company and its subsidiaries introduce their assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, expenses and cash flows as those of a single business organization.

A consolidated balance sheet provides a parent company's assets and liabilities and all of its subsidiaries in a legal document, without any differentiation on which items pertain to which companies.

A consolidated income statement describes an overall view of the organization as a

whole, instead of its component parts. Any money owed between the companies included

in the statement will not be regarded.

The retained earnings statement (retained earnings statement) is a financial report explaining the adjustments in a company's retained earnings over a specified period.

Consolidated Income  Statement				Consolidated Balance Sheet
				Assets
Sales		$5,509,800		Cash		$864,000
Cost of goods sold		(3,962,400)		Accounts Receivable		1,143,000
Gross Profit		1,547,400		Inventory		2,088,600
Less: Operating Expenses		(1,104,000)		PPE, net		3,817,200
Loss on Impairment of Goodwill		(100,000)		Patent		90,000
Net Income		$343,400
				Goodwill		200,000
						$8,202,800
Consolidated Statement of Retained Earnings
				Liabilities
BOY retained Earnings		$1,754,400		Accounts Payable		$758,400
Net Income		343,400		Accrued Liabilities		919,200
Less: Dividends		(150,000)		Long-term Liabilities		2,414,400
Ending Retained Earnings		$1,947,800		Common Stock		618,000
				APIC		1,545,000
				Retained Earnings		1,947,800
						$8,202,800