Each hemisphere of the cerebrum regulates
a. motor functions on the opposite side of the body.
b. motor functions on the same side of the body.
c. only functions within the brain.
d. only functions within the spinal cord
Introduction:
The cerebrum is also known as the telencephalon that has two cerebral hemispheres and many subcortical structures. In humans, it forms the uppermost portion of the central nervous system. Cerebrum with the help of the cerebellum controls voluntary actions.
Answer to Problem 1PL
Correct answer:
The correct answer is option (a) motor functions on the opposite side of the body.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (a) motor functions on the opposite side of the body. The cerebral hemispheres of the cerebrum are organized contralaterally. The contralateral organization allows the crossing of axonal fibers in the forebrain. This suggests that the axons originating from the left side of the forebrain control the functions on the right side of the body and vice versa. So, the correct answer is option (a).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (b) motor functions on the same side of the body. Motor functions on the same side of the body are controlled by the ipsilateral organization of the axons. Axons arranged in the ipsilateral organization remains on the same side as that of their origin and thus control the motor functions on the same side. Axons originating from the cerebral hemisphere are organized contralaterally. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) only functions within the brain. The axons originating from the cerebral hemisphere reaches the effector muscles that control voluntary actions. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (d) only functions in the spinal cord. The cerebral hemisphere is the part of the cerebrum that forms the forebrain (the major portion of the brain). It is responsible for controlling the voluntary actions of the body. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 30 Solutions
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
- Which region of the cerebellum receives proprioceptive input from the spinal cord? a. vermis b. left hemisphere c. flocculonodular lobe d. right hemispherearrow_forwardThe thoracic spinal cord has the smallest dorsal horn area because: a. the trunk is the most innervated area of the body and therefore there are more projections into the dorsal horn there. b. the trunk is the least innervated area of the body and therefore there are fewer projections into the dorsal horn there. c. most of the descending upper motor neurons have already entered the ventral horn. d. There are many motor neurons to control the small muscles around the spine.arrow_forwardWhich region is part of the prefrontal cortex? Select one: a. Posterior cingulate cortex b. Orbitofrontal cortex c. Anterior insular d. Putamen e. Ventral striatumarrow_forward
- Damage to which structure would have the largest impact on input to the cerebellum? Question 7 options: A) Middle cerebellar peduncle B) inferior cerebellar peduncle C) Superior cerebellar peduncle D) Lateral cerebellar pedunclearrow_forwardIn early brain development, what is the relationship between the sensory systems and muscle movements?A. The sensory systems develop before the first muscle movements.B. The first muscle movements occur at the same time as when the sensory systems develop.C. The first muscle movements occur before the sensory systems develop.D. First vision develops, then movements, and then the other sensory systems.arrow_forwardWhere are tertiary neurons found? a. extending between the posterior horn and anterior horn b. extending between the posterior horn and the brainstem c. extending between the thalamus and the primary somatosensory cortex d. extending between the primary motor cortex and brainstemarrow_forward
- The ________ connects the two cerebral hemispheres. a. limbic system b. corpus callosum c. cerebellum d. pituitaryarrow_forwardAll of the following statements are accurate about the choroid plexus except a. it is located within the ventricles of the brain. b. it is composed of ependymal cells and blood capillaries. c. it receives and filters all sensory information. d. it produces and circulates cerebrospinal fluid.arrow_forwardChoose the correct one. The amygdala, septal area, and olfactory cortex provide input to which thalamic nuclei? a. Reticular nucleus b. Medial geniculate nucleus c. Ventral lateral nucleus d. Medial dorsal nucleusarrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
- Fundamentals of Sectional Anatomy: An Imaging App...BiologyISBN:9781133960867Author:Denise L. LazoPublisher:Cengage Learning