Concept explainers
To draw: A phylogenetic tree of seed plants depicting the relationship between Elkinsia, gymnosperms, and the
Concept introduction: The first evidence of seed plant comes from 360 million-year-old fossils of plants in the genus Elkinsia. Elkinsia is a group of extinct gymnosperms. It lived 55 million years before the first fossil was classified as gymnosperms.
The early seed plants became extinct, and there is no information about the lineage that gave rise to the gymnosperms. The early gymnosperms lived in the Carboniferous Period. In the Permian period, the gymnosperms replaced the lycophytes and ferns. In the late Mesozoic era, the angiosperms started to replace the gymnosperms.
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Cambell Biology 11e Vol1 For Utah Valley University Ch 1-25
- Create a hypothetical phylogenetic tree using 11 plant species listed below. Chara, Nitella, Marchantia, Polytrichum, Equistem, Psilotum, Polypodium, Pinus, Zamia, Arabidopsis, and Lilium. Divide the species into five specific groups (Charophytes, Bryophytes, Monolithophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms) which will be the clades of your phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardYou have been hired as research assistant to investigate the origins of the angiosperms, specifically the boundary between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm. Which characteristics would you use to clearly define a new fossil as a gymnosperm? An angiosperm?arrow_forwardWorking in the field, you discover a fossil of a previously undescribed plant species.The specimen is small and may not be complete; the parts you have do not include floral organs. what sort of observation(evidence) would you nrrd in order to classify the fossilas a vasucular plant with reasonable accuracy?What evidence would you need to distinguis between an angiosperm and gymnosperm? Answer should be a maximum of 170 wordsarrow_forward
- Describe the interrelationships among the different gymnosperm lineages, as inferred from the two cladograms. What are the common patterns you see in the two figures, and in what ways do they differ?arrow_forwardTable 4 Comparison of Important Characteristics of Plants Trait Charophytes Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms Angiosperms Gametophyte or sporophyte dominant Stomata (+/-) Cuticle (+/-) Water required for fertilization? Vascular tissue (+/-) Seeds present? Pollen present? Fruit present? Examplesarrow_forwardExplain why Darwin called the origin of angiosperms an “abominablemystery,” and describe what has been learned from fossil evidenceand phylogenetic analyses.arrow_forward
- working in the field, you discover a fossil of a previously undescribed plant species. the specimen is small and may not be complete; the parts you have do not include any floral organs. what sort of observations(evidence) would you need in order to classify the fossil as a vascular plant with reasonable accuracy? what evidence would you need to distinguish between an angiosperm and a gymnosperm?arrow_forwardEvolutionary Developmentà VASCULAR TISSUE What is vascular tissue? Seedless Vascular Plants (vascular tissue, no seeds) How long ago do seedless vascular plants first appear in the fossil record? Name 2 types of seedless vascular plants that are extant: Evolutionary Developmentà SEEDS What is a seed? Seed Plants (vascular tissue, seeds) How long ago do seed plants first appear in the fossil record? There are 2 Types of Seed Plants: Gymnosperms Give 2 examples of modern plants that are gymnosperms: Angiosperms (flowering plants) Give 2 examples of modern plants that are angiosperms:arrow_forwardFILL UP THE TABLE WITH 1=PRESENT AND 0=ABSENT Xylem Wood and Phloem Seeds Chloroplast Cuticle and Flower Chlamydomonas Marchantia Psilotum Gingko |xora Construct a phylogenetic tree for the following OTU and use bars to denote their apomorphiesarrow_forward
- a. How are the angiosperms classified according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG)? b. What is the present understanding about the origin of flowering plants, and the classification of angiosperms into “monocots” and “dicots”, based on most recent evidences? c. The work of plant taxonomists of the 20th century who identified /established the different families of flowering plants based mainly on morphological and anatomical details is still valued and being used today, despite the general acceptance of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) as a classification system for the flowering plants. Explain why.arrow_forwardThe Apiaceae is closely related to the Araliaceae, the family to which ginseng and octopus tree belong. Know the characters which the two families share in List down features of Asteraceae that are considered advanced relative to other dicotyledonous families.arrow_forwardT Complete the following table by listing the dominant life stage (gametophyte or sporophyte) for each type of plant and checking the features that each possesses. (Check only those boxes of features that are present. If the feature is absent in that type of plant, leave the box blank.) Type of Plant Bryophytes Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms Dominant Life Stage Produces spores that are released from the plant? Has vascular system? Produces seeds? Produces Produces pollen? flowers? Produces fruit?arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning