Chapter 31, Problem 1QC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The functions of the shoot apical meristem.

Concept introduction:

The meristems are the regions present in the plants that are composed of undifferentiated cells, which have the capability of regenerating into a new plant. There are three different types of meristems in the plants, namely the apical, intercalary, and lateral meristem.

Explanation of Solution

The apical meristems are present at the tips of the plants. In plants, there are two different types of apical meristems, namely the shoot apical meristem and root apical meristem. The shoot apical meristem gives rise to leaves and flowers, whereas the root apical meristems assist in the root growth. The main functions of the shoot apical meristem are as follows:

1. It is the site for cellular division.

2. The division of cells in the shoot apical meristem leads to the formation of leaves and flowers. These help the plants in branching.

3. The cells in the apical meristems are totipotent that is they are able to grow in the culture.

Conclusion

The cells of apical meristem divide to form leaves and branches. The division of the cells allows the branching of the plant. The cells of apical meristem are totipotent/