<LCPO> BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781266216398
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 31, Problem 2A
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The ribosome is a major bacterial target for antibiotics. The drugs inhibit the function of ribosomes either by blocking the peptide bond formation at the peptidyl transferase center or by interfering in messenger RNA translation. These effects are the consequences of drugs binding to the subunits of a ribosome.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A biologist develops a new drug that seems to dramatically slow the onset of symptoms resulting from HIV infection. Close monitoring of HIV-infected cells reveals that the viral proteins are in the form of long polyproteins. What kind of drug did the biologist develop?
A. It is a glycosyl transferase inhibitor.
B. It is an integrase inhibitor
C. It is a protease inhibitor.
D. It is a CD4 inhibitor.
please explain why which answer is correct and which is wrong and why
How is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. In prokaryotes, because they do not have a nucleus, the translation of mRNA occurs while it is being transcribed b. In prokaryotes, pre-mRNA translation before transcription occurs within the cell
c.In prokaryotes, reverse trancriptase simultaneously translates and transcribes mRNAd.In prokaryotes, functional mRNA allows for translation to be skipped, and proteins are made during transcription
What is the purpose of a Poly-A tail being added to mRNA?
a.
To attach to viral sequences
b.
To weigh down mRNA
c.
To terminate translation
d.
To change the chemical structure
e.
Unknown
Chapter 31 Solutions
<LCPO> BIOLOGY
Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.2 - Compare cell division in fungi and higher...Ch. 31.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 31.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 31.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.3 - Compare and contrast arbuscular mycorrhizae and...Ch. 31.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 31.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 31.6 - Explain which cells in the life cycle of an...Ch. 31.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.6 - Prob. 3LOCh. 31.7 - Describe the ecological importance of the...Ch. 31.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.8 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.8 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.8 - Prob. 3LOCh. 31.9 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31.9 - Prob. 2LOCh. 31.9 - Prob. 3LOCh. 31.10 - Prob. 1LOCh. 31 - Data analysis Comparative analyses of fossil and...Ch. 31 - A fungal cell that contains two genetically...Ch. 31 - Prob. 2UCh. 31 - Prob. 3UCh. 31 - Prob. 4UCh. 31 - Prob. 5UCh. 31 - If two genetically different, haploid (n) hyphae...Ch. 31 - Prob. 7UCh. 31 - Prob. 1ACh. 31 - Prob. 2ACh. 31 - Prob. 3ACh. 31 - Prob. 4ACh. 31 - Prob. 5ACh. 31 - Prob. 6ACh. 31 - Prob. 1SCh. 31 - Prob. 2SCh. 31 - Prob. 3SCh. 31 - Prob. 4S
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An experimental drug therapy to treat patients with antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves introduction of a highly specific bacteriophage to the infected patient's bloodstream. Which of the following bacteriophage types would be the LEAST useful for this therapy? a. a lytic bacteriophage b. An enveloped virus c. An RNA virus d. a lysogenic bacteriophagearrow_forwardWhich type of RNA comprises over 80% of total cellular RNA? A. ribosomal RNA B. Messenger RNA C. Transfer RNAarrow_forwardNevirapine, an antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV acts as an uncompetitive inhibitor of the viral enzyme, reverse transcriptase (RT). Where does this inhibitor bind to prevent viral replication? Select one: a. The enzyme-substrate complex b. The viral DNA product c. Directly to reverse transcriptase d. The substrate Humans are able to break down amino acids, removing the amino group from the carbon skeleton and excreting waste as urea. Select the correct sequence of events in this metabolic pathway. Select one: a. Transamination, ammonia assimilation, deamination, ammonia metabolism b. Deamination, transamination, ammonia metabolism, ammonia assimilation c. Deamination, ammonia assimilation, transamination, ammonia metabolism d. Transamination, deamination, ammonia assimilation, ammonia metabolismarrow_forward
- If the HIV did not have a reverse transcriptase enzyme, then which of the following would apply? Select one: a. The virus can make use of the reverse transcriptase enzyme from the host cell to convert its RNA into DNA b. Viral particles will be produced without reverse transcriptase enzyme since the original HIV is an RNA virus and needs to assemble RNA ant coat proteins together c. The virus will manufacture its proteins from its RNA using translation and ribosomes from host cell d. Provirus will not be formed and assembly of viral particles will never occur e. The virus will not be able to recognise the host cell and therefore entry into the cell is blockedarrow_forwardhow does eukaryotic ribosome find the mRNA to be translated? A. the sigma factor B. the shine-Dalgarno sequence C. the Inr sequence D. the 5'caparrow_forwardThe advantage of yeast cells over bacterial cells to express human proteins is that: a. yeast cells grow faster b. yeast cells are easier to manipulate genetically c. yeast cells are eukaryotic and modify proteins similarly to human cells d. yeast cells are easily lysed to purify the proteinsarrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria. B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species. C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant. D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.arrow_forwardTargeting topoisomerase or DNA gyrase with an inhibitory antibiotic would inhibit which of the following processes in the bacterial cell? A.Peptidoglycan synthesis B.Plasma membrane synthesis C.Translation D.DNA replicationarrow_forwardRefer to the figure to answer these questions:a. Add labels for mRNA (including the 5′ and 3′ ends) and tRNA. Inaddition, draw in the RNA polymerase enzyme and the ribosomes,including arrows indicating the direction of movement for each.b. What are the next three amino acids to be added to polypeptide b?c. Fill in the nucleotides in the mRNA complementary to thetemplate DNA strand.d. What is the sequence of the DNA complementary to the templatestrand (as much as can be determined from the figure)?e. Does this figure show the entire polypeptide that this geneencodes? How can you tell?f. What might happen to polypeptide b after its release from theribosome?g. Does this figure depict a prokaryotic or a eukaryotic cell? How canyou tell?arrow_forward
- Plasmids are circular extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria that play a role in: d. degradation of viruses a. growth of bacteria b. pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance c. production of antibodiesarrow_forwardTetracyclines are a class of prokaryotic antibiotic that ?? A. Consist of lactone rings and target the 50s ribosomal subunit to prevent protein synthesis B. Consist of a napthacene ring and target the 30s ribosomal subunit to prevent protein synthesis C. Consist of aminoglycosides and target folic acid formation D. Consist of a B-lactam ring and prevent transpeptidation during cell wall formationarrow_forwardChaperones are: please explain the answer a.proteins that promote proper amino acid incorporation b.proteases that degrade improperly folded proteins c.proteins that promote proper polypeptide folding d.proteases that degrade improperly coded polypeptide chains e,proteins that promote rRNA stabilityarrow_forward
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