BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 32, Problem 2CT
After death, a person no longer makes ATP, so calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum diffuses down its concentration gradient into the muscle cytoplasm. This result is rigor mortis----an unbreakable state of muscle contraction that stiffens the body for a few days until muscles begin to decay. Explain why this contraction occurs.
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- If you add calcium to the bath around the earthworm smooth muscle, what would you expect will happen to the strength of contractions? Why?arrow_forwardWhat event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex to regain its original shape in muscle relaxation? a. stimulation of ACh receptors b. diffusion of Na+ back into transverse tubules c. return of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. breaking of the bond with tropomyosinarrow_forwardA skeletal muscle can be stimulated, under laboratory conditions, with a supramaximal stimulus. Is it possible for the muscle to respond with a supramaximal contraction? Explainarrow_forward
- If a muscle cell’s sarcoplasmic reticulum had little to no Ca2+, could the muscle cell still produce an electrical impulse, and would the muscle cell still contract? Explain.arrow_forwardContrast the role of Ca2+in the contraction of a skeletalmuscle fiber and a smooth muscle cell.arrow_forwardIn the sliding filament theory of contraction, what prevents the filaments from sliding back to their original positions each time a myosin head releases to bind to next actin binding site?arrow_forward
- In the process called "excitation-contraction coupling" (the events that lead up to a muscle cell's contraction), what part of this process is disrupted by death? (Actually, all of it is disrupted by death, but we can pinpoint a linkage between death, and the onset of rigor mortis--as well as explaining why rigor mortis eventually ends.)arrow_forwardThe 2 main proteins in muscle cells are _______ and ___arrow_forwardQuestion 14 View the image below and circle the image which shows the sarcomere that can provide optimal muscle tension and whyarrow_forward
- How would muscle contractions be affected if skeletalmuscle fibers did not have T-tubules?arrow_forwardYou know from experience that skeletal muscle tires quite quickly, especially if there is not enough oxygen. Interestingly, shellfish such as clams can maintain a month-long contraction in the muscle that keeps the shell closed. No oxygen gets in this situation. These muscles have a different version of myosin called paramyosin. Knowing what you know about the cellular mechanism of muscle contraction, propose a hypothesis to explain how paramyosin might work.arrow_forwardWhat is the function of myosin light-chain kinase in smooth muscle?arrow_forward
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