Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The number of electrons is lost for Aluminium atom to attain noble gas configuration to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Formation of ions:
Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, converts the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.
Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.
Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.
The symbolic representation of ions:
The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack ... and Biological Chemistry (4th Edition)
- Balance the following equation, and tell how many moles of nickel will reactwith 9.81 mol of hydrochloric acid.arrow_forwardCompound A has molecular formula C7H7X. Its 1H-NMR spectrum shows a singlet at 2.25 ppm and two doublets, one at 7.28 ppm and one at 7.39 ppm. The singlet has an integral of three and the doublets each have an integral of two. The mass spectrum of A shows a peak at m/z = 126 and another peak at m/z = 128; the relative height of the two peaks is 3:1 respectively. Identify what atom X is, explaining your reasoning and identify Compound A, explaining your reasoning.arrow_forwardWhat is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 72.0% carbon, 12.0% hydrogen and 16.0% oxygen by mass?arrow_forward
- A solution contains 2.2 x 10 -3 M in Cu2+ and 0.33 M in LiCN. If the Kf for Cu(CN)42- is 1.0 x 1025 , how much copper ion remains at equilibrium?arrow_forwardNicotine, an alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants that is mainly responsible for the addictive nature of cigarettes, contains 74.02% C, 8.710% H, and 17.27% N. If 40.57 g of nicotine contains 0.2500 mol nicotine, what is the molecular formula?arrow_forwardThe substance oxygen has the following properties: normal melting point: 54.8 K normal boiling point: 90.2 K triple point: 1.50×10-3 atm, 54.4 K critical point: 49.8 atm, 154.6 K A sample of oxygen is initially at a pressure of 58.9 atm and a temperature of 96.9 K. The pressure on the sample is reduced to 1.50×10-3 atm at a constant temperature of 96.9 K. Which of the following are true?Choose all that apply The sample is initially a liquid. The gas initially present will solidify. The final state of the substance is a gas. One or more phase changes will occur. The final state of the substance is a solid.arrow_forward
- The atomic emission spectrum for a particular element includes blue-violet light with wavelength 440. nm. Calculate the energy in joules of this light given that E = h c/A, and h = 6.63 x 10-34Js, and c = 3.00 x 10°m/s. (h andc are constants, A is wavelength, convert nm into m) h c E =arrow_forwardElement Z forms an ion Z 3+, which contains 31 protons. What is the identity of Z, and how many electrons does Z3+have?arrow_forwardFerrous sulfate is one dietary supplement used to treat iron-deficiency anemia. What are the molecular formula and molecular mass of this compound? howmany milligrams of iron are in 250 mg of ferrous sulfate?arrow_forward
- How many moles of ions are in 1.75 mol of K2SO4?arrow_forwardAn unknown mixture is known to contain only Ba(OH)2 (MW=171.34 g/mole) and NaOH (MW=40.0 g/mole). If the mixture is known to contain 45% by mass NaOH, and 8.0 grams of the mixture is dissolved completely in 50.0 ml of solution, answer the following. c).If 10.0 ml of a 0.2 M solution of Na2SO4 was added to the 50.0 ml solution, what would be the final concentration of Na+ in solution.arrow_forwardThe H⁺ concentration in an aqueous solution at 25 °C is 4.3 × 10⁻⁶. What is [OH⁻]?arrow_forward
- Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage Learning