CAMPBELL BIO TXT+MOD.MAST.BIO W ETEXT
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781323257937
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 32, Problem 8TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
This organism is an animal. What tan you infer about its body structure and lifestyle (that might not be obvious from its appearance)? This animal has a protostome developmental pattern and a trochophore larva. Identify the major clades that this animal belongs to. Explain your selcction, and describe when these clades originated and how they are related to one another.
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Download a phylogenetic tree of Bilateria that includes the ten phyla of bilaterian discussed in this module. From the tree, be able to identify whether members of the phylum are coelomates (C), pseudocoelomates (P), or acoelomates (A). Use your labeled tree to answer the following questions:
a) For each of the three major clades of bilaterian, what can be inferred about whether the common ancestor of the clade had a true coelom?
b) To what extent has the presence of a true coelom in animals changed over the course of evolution?
The following four line drawings are reconstructions of invertebrate fossil. Using your knowledge of the extant invertebrate phyla, please indicate which phylum this species mostly likely belongs to. Support your conclusion by connecting the morphological characteristics of the fossil species with the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum.
For context: This activity will examine the classification of invertebrates and the methods used to determine relationships among the many invertebrate phyla.
Question:
Are there newer trends in determining evolutionary relationships? If yes, what are they?
Chapter 32 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIO TXT+MOD.MAST.BIO W ETEXT
Ch. 32.1 - Summarize the main stages of animal development....Ch. 32.1 - WHAT IF? What animal characteristics would be...Ch. 32.2 - Put the following milestones in animal evolution...Ch. 32.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Evaluate whether the origin of...Ch. 32.3 - Distinguish the terms grade and clade.Ch. 32.3 - Compare three aspects of the early development of...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose ctenophores are basal metazoans...
Ch. 32.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32 - Prob. 32.1CRCh. 32 - What caused ihe Cambrian exploston? Describe...Ch. 32 - Describe how body plans provide useful Information...Ch. 32 - Prob. 32.4CRCh. 32 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 32 - The distinction between sponges and other animal...Ch. 32 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 32 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION A professor begins a lecture...Ch. 32 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA Redraw the...Ch. 32 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Animal life...Ch. 32 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This organism is an...
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- Test Your Understanding 8.VISUALIZE Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the evolutionary relationships among extant mammals (marsupials, eutherians, and monotremes). Include the following characters in your cladogram: well-developed placenta, vivipary, endothermy, marsupium, hair.arrow_forwardVisual Skills Use the cnidarian life cycle diagram inFigure 33.8 to determine the ploidy of a feeding polypand of a medusaarrow_forwardCharacterize both aves and teleosts as highly derived from other vertebrates by giving examples of several unique evolutionary structures from each group.arrow_forward
- Propliopithecids vs. Parapithecids. Adapids and Omomyids. Dryopithecus and Oreopithecus. With the exception of Gigantopithecus, many students struggle to differentiate between the various fossil primates. So, let's write about them, have a little fun, and help embed them in our brains. Create an original comic or storyboard that illustrates one of the fossil primates. Unlike the Primate Profiles, this is NOT meant to be a research project! This is meant to be a study tool for you. You should build comics primarily, if not exclusively.arrow_forwardPlease Elaborate your answer In the evolutionary development of organisms, what synapomorphic characteristic body plan is first observed or has first appeared with the annelids? And how is this important to the annelids or the other organisms that have it?arrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic tree depicting our current understanding of the animal phylogeny. Include the major groups of animals at the tips of your tree: Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Porifera, and Cnidaria. Additionally, label the common ancestor of all animals, indicate which groups are considered invertebrates, and indicate where the vertebrates fit within the phylogeny. Write on your tree where the following characteristics arose as evolutionary innovations: multicellularity, true tissues, radial and bilateral symmetry, animals with 2 germ layers and animals with 3 germ layers.arrow_forward
- part i Animal phylogenies based on molecular and morphological characters can be different in regards to the placement of the phylum Platyhelminthes. What is the best explanation for this?choose 1 a. The Platyhelminthes clade separated from other clades before coeloms evolved and consequently Platyhelminthes have never had a coelom. b. Some Platyhelminthes have a coelom, but others do not and it is difficult to conclude anything about its evolution within the clade. c. Platyhelminthes originated from ancestors with a coelom and have retained it to the present time. d. Modern Platyhelminthes do not have a coelom but did originate from an ancestor that had one. e. Platyhelminthes evolved from an ancestor without a coelom but developed one during the course of their evolution. part ii If current molecular phylogenies of land plants are correct and to be believed they suggest that. Choose 1 a. the Zygnematales and land plants adapted to the same environmental…arrow_forwardDevelop a KEY to the CLASSES of Phylum ECHINODERMATA: Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea,Echinoidea, Holothuroidea.arrow_forwardMammals are farther removed from echinoderms in phylogenetic alliance as they do with birds. Yet birds have a meroblastic cleavage, whereas mammalian cleavage is holoblastic, like echinoderms. How will the mammal convince the bird that it did not deviate from family traditions?arrow_forward
- Cnidarians (and ctenophores) are diploblastic animals. What is the fate of the ectodermal and endodermal cells in cnidarians? Answer this by keeping track of structures /Nssues /cells of “organs” that are derived from the ectoderm or from the endoderm or both and by which group/taxa. Is there a common pattern for all or are there variations?arrow_forwardConstruct a character matrix by making observations on the different features of the following group of invertebrates. On the table, write 1 if the character is present in (or exhibited by) the group; 0 if absent (or is not exhibited). Group of organisms Segmentation Coelom Jointed appendages Cephalization Tissues Radial symmetry Porifera Arthropods Cnidarians Nematodes Annelids Input the characters in the pre-made cladogramthat is provided for you. Also, write in the empty boxes the correct group of organisms to show relationships. One character and one group of organism is done for you.arrow_forwardExpound and Elaborate: Mammals belong to a group of amniotes known as synapsids. Three major lineages of mammals had emerged by the early Cretaceous period. In a tabulated form, compare these three lineages to illustrate their diversity in terms of:a. Embryonic developmentb. How the young are fedc. Period of gestationarrow_forward
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