ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135964422
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 34, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To relate:
The mechanism of O2 transport in the human body with the preparation of athletes to climb mountains.
Introduction:
The oxygen content in the atmosphere is 21%. As a person goes up the altitude, the partial pressure of oxygen (
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Neither O2 or CO2 are highly soluble is the aqueous environment that surrounds all cells. Mammals have developed hemoglobin to bind oxygen to greatly increase the amount of oxygen gas that can be carried in blood. How is the majority of carbon dioxide
transported in the blood?
O Carbon dioxide is produced at such a low level that it can be transported as the gas.
O The majority of carbon dioxide binds to amino acids of hemoglobin
O The majority of carbon dioxide is bond to specific carbon dioxide-binding proteins in blood.
O The majority of carbon dioxide combines with water to form bicarbonate which is soluble in water.
Provide an example of HOW the body over time can improve each
How will O2 transportation increase?
How would the body increase internal respiration?
How could the body increase energy production via cellular respiration?
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Andrew has lived his whole life in San Diego, CA at sea level. One summer in college he gets a job as a field biologist in the Colorado Rockies (elevation
7500 ft. above sea level). The first week he is in Colorado he experiences altitude sickness from the change in atmosphere. Altitude sickness is
characterized by fatigue and shortness of breath as a result of the thinner air which contains less oxygen.
a. How does Andrew's fatigue and shortness of breath relate to the cellular respiration pathway?
be.
b. What would you expect to find if you test the level of lactic acid in Andrew's blood? Explain your answer.
.9
C. A couple weeks later, Andrew is feeling better but he noticed that his appetite has increased. Explain why this might be.
Chapter 34 Solutions
ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
Ch. 34.1 - How is the now of hemolymph through an open...Ch. 34.1 - Three-chambered hearts with incomplete septa were...Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.2 - Why is it important that the AV node delay the...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.3 - What is the primary cause of the low velocity of...Ch. 34.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 34.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 34.5 - Why is an internal location for gas exchange...Ch. 34.5 - After a heavy rain, earthworms come to the...Ch. 34.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Describe similarities in the...Ch. 34.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.6 - WHAT IF? If an injury tore a small hole in the...Ch. 34.7 - What determines whether O2, or CO2, undergoes net...Ch. 34.7 - How does the Bohr shift help deliver O2, to very...Ch. 34.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34 - Which of the following respiratory systems is not...Ch. 34 - Blood returning to the mammalian heart in a...Ch. 34 - Pulse is a direct measure of A. blood pressure. B....Ch. 34 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 34 - One feature that amphibians and humans have in...Ch. 34 - If a molecule of CO2 released into the blood in...Ch. 34 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 34 - DRAW IT Plot blood pressure against time for one...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 34 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The diving bell spider...
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- Part C - Exploring the cooperative binding of oxygen Oxygen shows cooperative binding to hemoglobin. Cooperative binding has the following effects on the binding and release of oxygen: Oxygen binding to hemoglobin: When one molecule of oxygen binds to one of hemoglobin's four subunits, the other subunits change shape slightly, increasing their affinity for oxygen. Oxygen release from hemoglobin: When four oxygen molecules are bound to hemoglobin's subunits and one subunit releases its oxygen, the other three subunits change shape again. This causes them to release their oxygen more readily. These two graphs show how cooperative binding differs from a hypothetical situation where binding is not cooperative. • The x-axis shows the partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂). This is a measure of the amount of oxygen present in a tissue. The blue arrows on the x-axis show the partial pressure of oxygen in various tissues of the body. • The y-axis shows the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (O₂…arrow_forwardIf there were little to no Chloride in the blood, what would happen to CO2 transport and why? Select one: O a. CO2 transport would not change because chloride is not part of the carbonic anhydrase reaction O b. CO2 transport would decline because H+ would not be able to bind to hemoglobin O c. CO2 transport would decline because HCO3 wouldn't be able to exit the red blood cell thus inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase reaction O d. CO2 transport would increase because HCO3 would be able to exit the red blood cell more freelyarrow_forwardAll our body tissues require O2 for their function. And, Hemoglobin does this job, i.e., hemoglobin transport the O2 to all the tissues. How will these conditions affect O2 transportation? i. If CO2 increases in the lung.ii. If pH increases in the stomach tissue.arrow_forward
- Discuss the importance of the CO2/HCO3 - equilibrium in blood and in urinearrow_forwardО aрех. apex. O lobule. Incorrect Question 11 What does Boyle's law state about pressure and volume at a constant temperature and a constant pressure? Pressure and volume will both increase together or both decrease together. O Pressure and volume will both decrease as temperature and pressure decrease. Pressure and volume will both increase as temperature and pressure increase. O Pressure increases when volume decreases. Question 12 Which of the following is a factor on which expiration depends? contraction of expiratory musclesarrow_forwardWhat statement about hemoglobin's integrated transport of oxygen, carbon dioxide and protons is FALSE? Question 26 options: Lower pH leads to more oxygen being released into the tissues Protons can bind hemoglobin at a variety of sites, including histidine side chains. Proton binding stabilizes the R-form of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin binds bicarbonate and transports it from the tissues to the lungs Carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin in the tissues and gets transported back to the lungsarrow_forward
- The center solid curve represents the oxygen dissociation of hemoglobin, pH, Oxyhaemoglobin (% Saturation) concentration, and an increase in concentration of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate. 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 I represents the curve at a decreased CO2 represents this curve at a reduced A B represents the curve with 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100arrow_forwardwhich of adult haemoglobin or foetal haemoglobin will have a lower P50 value for binding O2. Be sure to define the term P50 and mention at a molecular level what interactions and structure differences are contribute to the observed values.arrow_forwardIn addition to O2 binding, changes in other chemical conditions can result in changes in hemoglobin structure and function. Increases in blood H+ result in oxygen binding curves for hemoglobin that are shifted to the right. The effect of H+ can be understood in terms of the equilibrium:H-Hb+ + O2 → Hb-O2 + H+How does the difference in pH in the lungs and tissues help hemoglobin do its job of delivering oxygen? Use the equilibrium equation in your argument.arrow_forward
- 9.16 Carbon dioxide transport Homework Unanswered Your patient has an anxiety disorder and is hyperventilating Which of the following would be correct? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigat on, use the upidown arrow keys to elect an answer their p02 would be decreased and their pH Would be decreased their pC02 wouid be increased and their pH WOLld be decreased their pC02 would be decreased and their aH Would be incresed their pC02 wculd be the same as there is ne cotreletion resolratoi y rate and karbonidickide levels nthe blood 1 Fulscreen Unanswered e lalemptleft 12-12 PM ENS IN 3/28/2021 99+arrow_forwardBelow are multiple oxygen binding affinity curves for hemoglobin. The affinity curve for normal hemoglobin in blood is represented by curve "D," at a pH of 7.2 and at a concentration of 5mM BPG and 26 mM CO2. O₂ saturation (%) 100 Answer 1: B Answer 2: [Select] Answer 3: B Answer 4: 80 A 60 1. How would changes to acidity, BPG concentration and CO₂ levels affect the binding affinity curve and p50? lower than Answer 5: E 40 1. BPG concentration is decreased to 3mM: The binding affinity curve would look like B. The p50 would be lower than normal (D). 2. pH is increased to 7.6: The binding affinity curve would look like B. The p50 would be [Select] normal (D). 20 3. CO₂ concentration is increased to 30 mM: The binding affinity curve would look like. [Select] The p50 would be Answer 6: 0 normal (D). II. The hemoglobin has been treated with a denaturing solution which disrupts quaternary structure only, and has a binding affinity resembling myoglobin. The binding affinity curve would look…arrow_forward1) Construct a figure that shows how most molecules of CO2 gas is stored in the blood. 2) For each of the steps in your figure above: Describe what is happening in a sentence. 3) Answer the following in a brief sentece: Why does the body store CO2 this way instead of just transporting the gas dissolved in a liquid.arrow_forward
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