Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 34, Problem 7TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Long distance transport mechanisms are responsible for the movement of water and food throughout the plant. It is mediated by vascular tissues, phloem, and xylem. Xylem is involved in the transport or conductance of water from the root to the upper stem portions of the plants while phloem is responsible for the transport of food from the leaves to the other parts of the plants.
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Which of the following statements is inaccurate?a. Water that evaporates from leaves is ultimately replaced by water diffusing from the xylem.b. Xylem transports water up the plant while phloem transports carbohydrates throughout the plant.c. Water movement in the xylem is largely due to the pressure-flow hypothesis.d. Water movement across membranes is often due to differences in solute concentrations.
Which statement(s) is/are false? *
A. A water potential lower than that of the soil draws water into the roots and a water potential lower than that of the stem draws water into the leaf.
B. A water potential lower than that of the soil draws water into the roots and a water potential higher than that of the stem draws water into the leaf.
C. Water potential and solute concentration increases from the roots to the top of the plant.
D. Water enters the plant through the root hairs and exits through the lenticels and stomates.
E. A and D
F. B and C
The electrochemical gradient is __________________.
A. The total chemical potential gradient B. The total electrical potential gradient C. All the above
Water and mineral nutrients are transported from root to shoot via __________________
A. Plasmodesmata B. Xylem C. Phloem D. Cell wall
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.1 - Explain how the apoplastic, symplastic, and...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 34.5 - Compare and contrast translocation and...Ch. 34.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 34 - An indoor gardener leaving for vacation completely...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Discuss Concepts Concerns about global climate...Ch. 34 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 34 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking A variety of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 3ITD
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- Water potential is (a) the formation of a proton gradient across a cell membrane (b) the transport of a watery solution of sugar in phloem (c) the transport of water in both xylem and phloem (d) the removal of sucrose at the sink, causing water to move out of the sieve tubes (e) the free energy of water in a particular situationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are false regarding the phloem? A. It transports starch from the leaves to the stem. B. It transports sucrose from the leaves to the roots. C. It is located lateral to the xylem in tree stems. D. Unlike the xylem, majority of the cells are living. E. A and D F. B and Carrow_forwardThe process of bulk flow transports fluids in a plant. What are the two main bulk flow processes? * A. Movement of water up the xylem and movement of solutes up and down the phloem B. Movement of water up the phloem and movement of solutes up and down the xylem C. Movement of water up and down the xylem and movement of solutes up the phloem D. Movement of solutes up the xylem and movement of water up and down the phloem E. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up and down the xylem F. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up the xylemarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is/are false? A. Water is actively transported from source cells into companion cells. B. The transport of sucrose into the Osieve tube elements increases water potential in the phloem. C. The transport of water from the xylem into the phloem increases the O pressure which forces the sucrose water mixture down towards the sink. D. Transpiration cause the water to O move up to the leaves through the vessel elements. E. A and B F. B and Carrow_forwardWhen absorption of water by the roots fails to keep up with the rate of transpiration, gain in turgor occurs, and the stomata close. A. Agree, because the transpiration occurs faster than root absorption. D. Disagree, because the condition should be when root absorption is able to keep up with transpiration, then stomates close. B. Disagree, because under this condition, the turgor pressure decreases and the stomates close. C. Agree, because increase in turgor pressure under this condition, closes the stomates.arrow_forwardWhich of the following forces make the movement of water through the xylem possible? * A. Cohesion and adhesion B. Transpiration C. Root pressure D. A and B E. A, B, and Carrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is CORRECT?Aquaporins:a. play an active role in the regulation of water movement in the xylem during mild droughtb. are proteins embedded in the cell walls that transport waterc. play an active role in the regulation of water movement outside the xylem during mild droughtd. are proteins embedded in the mesophyll and bundle sheath apoplast that transport waterarrow_forwardThe xylem cell has a water potential of -45 MPa and the mesophyll cell of the leaf has a water potential of -57MPa. Which way does the water move?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are true? I. A measure of how much water is present in comparison with the solute molecules in the same volume of solution known as diffusion gradient II. The region found above the region of cell division can be seen in different young roots because of the presence of numerous root hairs that increase absorption. III. The meristematic region is has cells that elongate several times their original length and push the root tip through the soil. IV. The meristematic region is the growing apex of the rootarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true for the function of xylem and phloem? * A. Xylem transports water from leaves to roots; phloem transports sugar from roots to leaves B. Xylem transports sugar from roots to leaves; phloem transports water from leaves to roots C. Xylem transports water from roots to leaves; phloem transports sugar from leaves to roots D. Xylem transports sugar from leaves to roots; phloem transports water from roots to leavesarrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements about root hairs is CORRECT? Select one: a. They are found in the zone of cell elongation and help the root to fix nitrogen. b.They are found in the root cap and help the root sense gravity. c.They are found in the zone of cell division of the root and help anchor the plant in the soil. d.They are found in the root apical meristem and help the root to absorb water. e.They are found in the zone of cell differentiation in the root. Which of the following best describes the route to fruit formation in flowering plants? Select one: a. 1) pollination, 2) double fertilization, 3) embryo develops, 4) ovary matures, 5) ovule matures. b. 1) pollination, 2) germination of pollen, 3) endosperm develops, 4) ovule develops. c. 1) pollination, 2) endosperm develops, 3) embryo develops, 4) ovule matures. d. 1) pollination, 2) fertilization, 3) embryo develops, 4) ovary matures. e.1) pollination, 2) fertilization, 3) germination of pollen, 4) ovule…arrow_forwardWhen considering the loading and unloading of photosynthate from the phloem, which of the following is FALSE? Select one: a. Apoplastic phloem unloading enables the import of sugars against their concentration gradient into sink tissue. b. In apoplastic loading, the solute potential of the companion cells is more negative than the apoplastic space nearby. c. In apoplastic loading, proton pumps create electrochemical gradients that can be used by symporter proteins to import sugars into the companion cell. d. All the statements are true. e. Symplastic loading relies on diffusion of the sugars through plasmodesmata from photosynthetic cells to the phloem cells.arrow_forward
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