To determine:
What are the short-term changes in animal’s cardiovascular function that might facilitates use of skeletal muscle to escape dangerous situation.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular system is also as known as circulatory system. It is used to transport nutrients, oxygen, amino acids electrolytes, and hormones through blood and take out carbon dioxide and toxins from the body. It also helps in fighting diseases. It consists of blood and lymph. Blood is a fluid consists of red blood cell, white blood cell and plasma. Heart is a muscular tissue and is the main component of circulatory system.
Skeletal muscle is a voluntary muscle which is attached to bone and form nerve tissues, tendons, blood vessels, muscle tissue. It has ability to contract and relax and facilitate movement of body parts.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 34 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
- A large grasshopper and a small mouse may be similar in size. However, the total length of blood vessels is much greater in the mouse, and the mouse’s heart pumps at much higher pressure than the grasshopper’s hearts. Which statement is most useful for explaining these observations?arrow_forwardThe mammalian heart can beat without input from the brain. True Or false?arrow_forwardIn which direction does Ca2+ move in response to the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels: into or out of the cardiac muscle cells?arrow_forward
- Explain the origin and conduction of the excitation that leads to a heart contraction. Why is the vertebrate heart said to be myogenic? If the heart is myogenic, how do you account for alterations in rate of the heartbeat?arrow_forwardDiscuss the Single and double circulation in animalsarrow_forwardDescribe the path of blood flow in an amphibian.arrow_forward
- Why does heart rate and contraction force change relative to resting values when the frog's heart was cooled?arrow_forwardA drop in blood pH causes an increase in heart rate.What is the function of this control mechanism?arrow_forwardTrace the flow of blood through a mammalian heart, naming the four chambers and their valves, and explaining where the blood entering each atrium comes from and where blood leaving each ventricle goes. When the ventricles contract, what prevents blood from reen-tering the atria? What factors cause blood to move forward at high pressure in the aorta?arrow_forward
- In conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac Outputarrow_forwardCan you elaborate in some detail about the following: If 2 liters of blood were injected into a normal human body, what influence would this injection have on blood pressure, cardiac output, preload and afterload?arrow_forwardThey carry oxeganated blood away from the heart,while capillaries?arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning