Biol 128: Biological Sci (Looseleaf) (Custom Package)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781269761383
Author: LANSING CC
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 37, Problem 12TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). One effect of acid precipitation is to deplete the soil of nutrients such as calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2+). Suggest a hypothesis to explain how acid precipitation washes these nutrients from the soil. How might you test your hypothesis?
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SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • INTERPRET THE DATA A Minnesotagardener notes that the plants immediately bordering a walkwayare stunted compared with those farther away. Suspectingthat the soil near the walkway may be contaminated from saltadded to the walkway in winter, the gardener tests the soil. Thecomposition of the soil near the walkway is identical to thatfarther away except that it contains an additional 50 mM NaCl.Assuming that the NaCl is completely ionized, calculate howmuch it will lower the solute potential of the soil at 20°C usingthe solute potential equation:ΨS = -iCRTwhere i is the ionization constant (2 for NaCl), C is themolar concentration (in mol/L), R is the pressure constant[R = 0.00831 (L · MPa)/(mol · K)], and T is the temperature inKelvin (273 + °C).How would this change in the solute potential of the soilaffect the water potential of the soil? In what way would thechange in the water potential of the soil affect the movementof water in or out of the roots?
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Extensive irrigationin arid regions causes salts to accumulate in the soil. (Whenwater evaporates, salts that were dissolved in the water are leftbehind in the soil.) Based on what you learned about waterbalance in plant cells, explain why increased soil salinity(saltiness) might be harmful to crops
Think about how humans rely on soil. From a human point of view, how has glaciation had a good and bad effect on Canada’s soils? A soil can include particles ranging in size from very fine clay to coarse sand. Why is neither of these soils ideal for plant growth, including agriculture?
Chapter 37 Solutions
Biol 128: Biological Sci (Looseleaf) (Custom Package)
Ch. 37.1 - Explain how the phrase "too much of a good thing"...Ch. 37.1 - Some lawn mowers collect clippings. What is a...Ch. 37.1 - WHAT IF? How would adding clay to loamy soil...Ch. 37.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Note three ways the properties...Ch. 37.2 - Are some essential elements more important than...Ch. 37.2 - WHAT IF? If an element increases the growth rate...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.3 - How do soil bacteria and mycorrhizae contribute to...Ch. 37.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What is a general term that is...
Ch. 37.3 - WHAT IF? A peanut farmer finds that the older...Ch. 37 - How is soil a complex ecosystem?Ch. 37 - Do plants need soil to grow? Explain.Ch. 37 - Prob. 37.3CRCh. 37 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The inorganic...Ch. 37 - Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 37 - A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older...Ch. 37 - The greatest difference in health between two...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 37 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an...Ch. 37 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In many...Ch. 37 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 15TYU
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- Figure 31.7 Which horizon is considered the topsoil, and which is considered the subsoil?arrow_forwardWhat fraction of the soil represents the most active? A. Clay B. Pore spaces C. Humus D. Soil colloidsarrow_forwardSCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Design a controlled experiment to testthe hypothesis that water acidification caused by acidic rainwould inhibit the growth of Elodea, a freshwater plant (seeFigure 2.17).arrow_forward
- A farmer has noticed that his soybean plants produce more beans in some years than others. He claims to always apply the same amount of fertilizer to the plants but he suspects the difference in crop yield may have something to do with the amount of water the crops receive. The farmer has observed that the soybeans on his farm usually receive between 0 to 0.5 inches of water per day, but he is unsure of the optimal amount of water with which to irrigate. Question: state a research question that will directly address the farmer’s problem.arrow_forwardImagine yourself as a water molecule in the soil solution of aforest. In a short essay (100–150 words), explain what pathwaysand what forces would be necessary to carry you to the leaves ofthese trees.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about soil is true? (a) pore spaces are always filled with about 50% air and 50% water (b) a single teaspoon of fertile agricultural soil may contain up to several hundred living microorganisms(c) the texture of a soil is determined by the soil’s pH (d) a soil’s organic matter includes litter, droppings, and the dead remains of plants, animals, and microorganisms (e) soil formation is unaffected by a region’s climate or topographyarrow_forward
- Soils & Erosion 1.Describe the relationship between soil particle size and important soil characteristics (i.e., drainage andaeration). 2.What soil horizons contain the most nutrients? Why? 3.Describe the various kinds of living organisms that make up the soil community & how they interacttogether. Briefly indicate the role(s) ofeach.arrow_forwardIt is common for bogs to have a pH of 3, why does this make them nutrient poor? 1. Low pH reduces the solubility of many nutrients. 2. Low pH increases nutrient binding to organic matter. 3. Low pH prevents the growth of the microorganisms responsible for the breakdown of organic matter. 4. Low pH reduces cation exchange.arrow_forwardHow does human harness the power of water? Explain plant near a hot spring, which are often developed as tourist areas?arrow_forward
- Fungi (as well as bacteria and various animals) are major decomposers. What would the world be like if there were no decomposers of any kind?arrow_forwardWhy can’t seawater be used to water plants?arrow_forwardSoil particles may be held together by which of the following to form aggregates? Group of answer choices a) Humus b) Clay c) Iron Oxides d) All of the above e. None of the abovearrow_forward
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