CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS (LL)-W/MOD.MA
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135686065
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 39, Problem 2TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Behaviors that are present in an animal from birth is known as innate behaviors. Innate behaviors are fixed in an individual early in the development. Therefore, animals need not learn them or practice them.
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An organism’s response to a stimulus or situation is the definition of:a. adaptation.b. learning.c. memory.d. behavior.e. epigenetics.
Which of the following is true of innate behaviors that are described as instincts? A. Instincts aren’t governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are, B. Instincts are governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are not, C. Instincts are sudden, situational behaviors, D. Instincts are complex series of innate behaviors
Which of the following physiological systems has undergone selection in cockroaches in response to poison traps placed by humans?
a.
Tactile sensory neurons to sense human movement
b.
Visual systems to detect bait traps
c.
Digestion of glucose in the stomach
d.
Taste and sensory neurons
Chapter 39 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS (LL)-W/MOD.MA
Ch. 39.1 - Contrast the role of Ca2+ in the contraction of a...Ch. 39.1 - WHAT IF? Why are the muscles of an animal that has...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm of...Ch. 39.4 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 39.4 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 39.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How might a learned behavior...Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 39.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39 - During the contraction of a vertebrate skeletal...Ch. 39 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 39 - According to Hamiltons rule, A. natural selection...Ch. 39 - The binding of calcium to the troponin complex A....Ch. 39 - Curare, a substance that blocks the acetylcholine...Ch. 39 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 39 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 39 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Propose a hypothesis to explain...Ch. 39 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 39 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 39 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION Learning is defined as a...Ch. 39 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Which of the following statements best applies to the term adaptation? * A. Resistance increases as a result of exposure to prior stress B. Resistance decreases as a result of exposure to prior stress C. Genetically determined level of resistance acquired over generations D. Genetically determined level of resistance acquired in one generationarrow_forwardIn the paper by John Endler about colored spots in guppies, Endler finds that Select one: a.female guppies become more colorful in the presence of predators. b.female guppies become less colorful in the presence of predators. c.male guppies become less colorful in the presence of predators. d.male guppies become more colorful in the presence of predators. e.No change in color occurs in both male and female guppies, providing an example of a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation? A. flamingo's feathers turn pink after eating crustaceans. B. A snowshoe hare turns white in the winter. C. A robin builds a nest out of sticks and dry grass. D. A Komodo dragon has a poisonous bite.arrow_forward
- Animals have evolved a range of strategies to successfully respond to threats and challenges. One of these strategies is the ability to learn. As we discussed, not every animal can learn and there are clear costs and benefits to this strategy. Suggest one benefit of the ability to learn and one potential cost. Briefly explain each. (1-2 sentences for each) Since learning is not universal, under which circumstances would it be most likely be a successful strategy? We discussed a framework that examines the influence of predictability on the success of learning ability. Describe this framework. Make sure you discuss all the available conditions and clearly state under which we would expect learning to be successful and where we would not expect it to be successful. What would be an alternative strategy to regulate behaviour when learning is not suitable? Briefly explain your choice. (2-3 sentences)arrow_forwardClassify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.arrow_forwardA genetically inherited, complex pattern of behavior that always appears among members of a particular speciesunder appropriate environmental conditions is a(n)a. reflex.b. instinct.c. drive.d. needarrow_forward
- Why did Thompson conclude that eyeblink conditioning depends on the lateral interpositus nucleus, instead of the red nucleus?A. Inactivating the red nucleus failed to suppress responses.B. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, and after the rabbit recovered, it had to learn the same as a rabbit that had never been trained.C. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses to some stimuli but not others.D. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, but did not prevent learning.arrow_forwardAn enriched environment including social interactions promotes growth of axons and dendrites in laboratory rodents. What else can produce the same effect?A. Improved dietB. Physical activityC. Exposure to musicD. Extra sleeparrow_forwardConventional signals are not costly because they often entail slight visible variations in only a small portion of the body, but they can be rendered honest through social reinforcement. Which example best demonstrates this case? A. Birds with large throat patches with poor fighting ability are attacked more often by dominant birds. B. Aggressive wasps with facial patterns indicating their fighting ability are less likely to be attacked. C. A dominant lion is able to evict younger chalengers from the pride. D. Female chimps will not mate with a male defeated in combat.arrow_forward
- Which of the following does not describe a function of aggressive animal behavior? A. Aggressive behavior leads to fights that allow strong animals kill off weaker members of the species. B. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish hierarchy without violence. C. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish territorial boundaries. D. Aggressive behavior is displayed to determine who is allowed to mate.arrow_forwardInnate behavior allows animals to respond instantly. The simplest innate behaviors are reflex actions. Discuss the difference between an animal reflex from an instinct. Cite specific examples to illustrate your concepts.arrow_forwardThe acquisition of memories can be demonstrated in rodents on a T-maze task. In this task, a food reward is placed in one of two arms of a T. Over many trials, a rodent is required to learn which arm contains the reward. In an experiment to determine whether the gene Homeriav is involved in memory, a mouse was trained on a T-maze. The results over five trials of training are shown: a. This task tests both innate and learned behaviors. Describe the innate behavior tested by this task. Explain how innate behaviors contribute to the survival of a species. b. A scientist reviewing this experiment notes that insufficient controls were performed to determine whether mutations in Homer1aV affects the function of physiological systems outside of the nervous system. Identify a physiological system outside of the nervous system that contributes to the performance of this task. Explain how the function of this system contributes to the task. c. Describe how the consumption of food by the rodent…arrow_forward
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