CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135191811
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 39, Problem 4TYU
The binding of calcium to the troponin complex
- A. disrupts cross-bridges, allowing filaments to slide past each other.
- B. allows tropomyosin to bind actin.
- C. opens ion channels, allowing sodium to rush into the muscle cells.
- D. causes tropomyosin to shift position, exposing myosin bind sites on actin.
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The functions of tropomyosin in skeletal muscle include
A. releasing calcium ions after initiation of contraction.
B. generating ATP which it passes to the contractile mechanism.
C. binding to myosin during contraction.
D. acting as a relaxing protein at rest by covering up the sites where myosin binds to actin.
E. sliding on actin to produce shortening.
What role (function) does calcium have within a muscle fiber?
a. trigger muscle potentials along t-tubules
b. trigger contraction by causing the formation of cross bridges
c. trigger exocytosis of ACh across the synaptic space
d. trigger action potentials along axons
e. open voltage gates within the sarcoplasmic reticulum
2. Which of the following are regulatory proteins that allow a muscle fiber to contract when calcium is present? (select all that apply)
dystrophin
troponin
myosin
tropomyosin
actin
3.
During this phase of an action potential, potassium ions exit the cell through voltage gated potassium channels.
a. depolarization
b. repolarization
c. glycolysis
d. cross bridge formation
What event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex to regain its original shape in muscle relaxation? a. stimulation of ACh receptors b. diffusion of Na+ back into transverse tubules c. return of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. breaking of the bond with tropomyosin
Chapter 39 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 39.1 - Contrast the role of Ca2+ in the contraction of a...Ch. 39.1 - WHAT IF? Why are the muscles of an animal that has...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm of...Ch. 39.4 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 39.4 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 39.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How might a learned behavior...Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 39.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39 - During the contraction of a vertebrate skeletal...Ch. 39 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 39 - According to Hamiltons rule, A. natural selection...Ch. 39 - The binding of calcium to the troponin complex A....Ch. 39 - Curare, a substance that blocks the acetylcholine...Ch. 39 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 39 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 39 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Propose a hypothesis to explain...Ch. 39 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 39 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 39 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION Learning is defined as a...Ch. 39 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Myosin binds to actin, then bends. What is ATP needed for next? A. to pump the Ca++ “keys” back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum B. to replace the strap and cover the binding sites C. to give feedback to the neuron that contraction occurred D. to un-bind myosin from actin and re-set for another powerstroke.arrow_forwardRigor mortis occurs following death because a. tropomyosin remains over the myosin binding sites of actin. b. myosin heads attach to actin and are not released due to lack of ATP. c. the myosin becomes misshapen. d. all of the Ca2+ remains within the sarcoplasmic reticulum.arrow_forwardthe troponin/tropomyosin complex will inhibit the crossbridges of myosin from with actin. this is true during: A. Muscle relaxation B. Muscle contraction C. Nerve stimulation D. Both a & barrow_forward
- Put the following skeletal muscle contraction events in the order that they occur: a. The myosin head swivels toward the center of the sarcomere. b. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and bind to troponin. c. An action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma and transverse tubules. d. Myosin binds to actin, forming crossbridges. e. Myosin heads bind ATP molecules and release from actin. f. Tropomyosin molecules are moved off active sites on actin. g. ATPase splits ATP, providing the energy to reset the myosin head.arrow_forwardWhen a skeletal muscle cell contracts and the muscle shortens, a. the position of an actin molecule relative to a myosin molecule does not change. b. myosin heads generate a single power stroke. c. the actin ATPase allows the actin molecule to swivel. d. the actin molecule swivels during the power stroke e. some myosin heads are forming crossbridges as others are releasing them.arrow_forwardThe sliding filament mechanism describes the process during which: a. actin and myosin slide relative to each other b. sarcomeres slide relative to each other c. troponin and tropomyosin slide relative to each other d. muscle fibers slide past each otherarrow_forward
- Which of the following are involved interaction of myosin and actin? A. interaction between the myosin head and the myosin binding site on actin B. requires troponin to go through a conformational change pulling topomyosin from its resting position C. all of the above D. occurs when topomyosin is pulled away from the myosin binding site on actinarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction? a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other. b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten. d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.arrow_forwardContraction of muscles requires binding of various components of muscle fiber. Which of the following rows correctly matches two components of muscle fibre that bind with each other? Row Component of muscle fibre Component of muscle fibre A. Ca2+ myosin B. troponin myosin C. troponin tropomyosin D. actin Ca2+arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true of the chameleon tongue but not of the human tongue? A. It is a muscular hydrostat. B. Force generation reflects the binding of myosin crossbridges to actin thin filaments. C. The organization of the actin and myosin filaments produces a regular pattern of bands, or striations. D. Gaps or holes in the Z-discs allow supercontraction (shortening beyond the normal limit). E. All of the above statements are true of both the chameleon tongue and the human tongue.arrow_forwardWith regard to muscle contraction, which of the following is an INCORRECT statement with regard to the interactions of filaments that occur in the sarcomere? A. When muscles are relaxed tropomyosin blocks binding sites on actin subunits, which keeps cross-bridges from forming. B. The myosin heads conduct a power stroke motion to slide when bound to actin, to move the "thin" filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. C. During contraction, actin subunits are removed from the ends of the "thin" filaments to shorten actin polymers, thus reducing the length of the sarcomere. D. "Thick" filaments are anchored at the M-line, while "thin" filaments are anchored at the Z-line. E. Numerous myosin heads engage with the actin filaments simultaneously, such that there is no back-slipping during the contraction process.arrow_forwardThe binding of calcium to troponin will directly cause A. the hydrolysis of ATP B. the binding of ATP to myosin C. the further release of calcium into the cytoplasm D. the movement of tropomyosin, thereby exposing the myosin-binding site on the actin molecule E. the movement of tropomyosin, thereby exposing the actin-binding site on the myosin molecule F. release of neurotransmitters from the axon terminals G. Both B and Farrow_forward
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