Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 39, Problem 65PQ
To determine
The mass of the lens in kilograms and solar masses and compare it with the mass of Andromeda galaxy.
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Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0 ✕ 1011 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 6.0 ✕ 104 light-years from its center.
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solar masses
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Chapter 39 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 39.1 - Which of the following are (approximately)...Ch. 39.2 - Suppose the primed and laboratory observers want...Ch. 39.7 - Prob. 39.3CECh. 39.10 - Prob. 39.4CECh. 39.12 - Prob. 39.5CECh. 39 - Prob. 1PQCh. 39 - Prob. 2PQCh. 39 - Prob. 3PQCh. 39 - In an airport terminal, there are two fast-moving...Ch. 39 - Prob. 5PQ
Ch. 39 - Prob. 6PQCh. 39 - Prob. 7PQCh. 39 - Prob. 8PQCh. 39 - Prob. 9PQCh. 39 - Prob. 10PQCh. 39 - Prob. 11PQCh. 39 - Prob. 12PQCh. 39 - Prob. 13PQCh. 39 - Prob. 14PQCh. 39 - Prob. 15PQCh. 39 - Prob. 16PQCh. 39 - Prob. 17PQCh. 39 - Prob. 18PQCh. 39 - Prob. 19PQCh. 39 - Prob. 20PQCh. 39 - Prob. 21PQCh. 39 - Prob. 22PQCh. 39 - Prob. 23PQCh. 39 - A starship is 1025 ly from the Earth when measured...Ch. 39 - A starship is 1025 ly from the Earth when measured...Ch. 39 - Prob. 26PQCh. 39 - Prob. 27PQCh. 39 - Prob. 28PQCh. 39 - Prob. 29PQCh. 39 - Prob. 30PQCh. 39 - Prob. 31PQCh. 39 - Prob. 32PQCh. 39 - Prob. 33PQCh. 39 - Prob. 34PQCh. 39 - Prob. 35PQCh. 39 - Prob. 36PQCh. 39 - Prob. 37PQCh. 39 - Prob. 38PQCh. 39 - As measured in a laboratory reference frame, a...Ch. 39 - Prob. 40PQCh. 39 - Prob. 41PQCh. 39 - Prob. 42PQCh. 39 - Prob. 43PQCh. 39 - Prob. 44PQCh. 39 - Prob. 45PQCh. 39 - Prob. 46PQCh. 39 - Prob. 47PQCh. 39 - Prob. 48PQCh. 39 - Prob. 49PQCh. 39 - Prob. 50PQCh. 39 - Prob. 51PQCh. 39 - Prob. 52PQCh. 39 - Prob. 53PQCh. 39 - Prob. 54PQCh. 39 - Prob. 55PQCh. 39 - Prob. 56PQCh. 39 - Consider an electron moving with speed 0.980c. a....Ch. 39 - Prob. 58PQCh. 39 - Prob. 59PQCh. 39 - Prob. 60PQCh. 39 - Prob. 61PQCh. 39 - Prob. 62PQCh. 39 - Prob. 63PQCh. 39 - Prob. 64PQCh. 39 - Prob. 65PQCh. 39 - Prob. 66PQCh. 39 - Prob. 67PQCh. 39 - Prob. 68PQCh. 39 - Prob. 69PQCh. 39 - Prob. 70PQCh. 39 - Joe and Moe are twins. In the laboratory frame at...Ch. 39 - Prob. 72PQCh. 39 - Prob. 73PQCh. 39 - Prob. 74PQCh. 39 - Prob. 75PQCh. 39 - Prob. 76PQCh. 39 - Prob. 77PQCh. 39 - In December 2012, researchers announced the...Ch. 39 - Prob. 79PQCh. 39 - Prob. 80PQCh. 39 - How much work is required to increase the speed of...Ch. 39 - Prob. 82PQCh. 39 - Prob. 83PQCh. 39 - Prob. 84PQCh. 39 - Prob. 85PQ
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- A spacecraft in the shape of a long cylinder has a length of 100 m, and its mass with occupants is 1 000 kg. Ii has strayed too close to a black hole having a mass 100 times that of the Sun (Fig. P11.11). The nose of the spacecraft points toward the black hole, and the distance between the nose and the center of the black hole is 10.0 km. (a) Determine the total force on the spacecraft. (b) What is the difference in the gravitational fields acting on the occupants in the nose of the ship and on those in the rear of the ship, farthest from the black hole? (This difference in accelerations grows rapidly as the ship approaches the black hole. It puts the body of the ship under extreme tension and eventually tears it apart.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are fundamental postulates of the special theory of relativity? More than one statement may be correct. (a) Light moves through a substance called the ether. (b) The speed of light depends on the inertial reference frame in which it is measured. (c) The laws of physics depend on the inertial reference frame in which they are used. (d) The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames. (e) The speed of light is independent of the inertial reference frame in which it is measured.arrow_forwardMuch of the mass of our Milky Way galaxy is concentrated in a central sphere of radius r = 2 kpc, where pc is the abbreviation for the unit parsec; 1 pc = 3.26 ly. Assume the Sun is in a circular orbit of radius r = 8.0 kpc around the central sphere of the Milky Way. The Suns orbital speed is approximately 220 km/s; assume the central sphere is at rest. a. Estimate the mass in the inner Milky Way. Report your answer in kilograms and in solar masses. b. What is the escape speed of the Milky Way? c. CHECK and THINK: Do you believe that stars in the Milky Way have been observed to have speeds of 500 km/s? Explain.arrow_forward
- Calculate the effective gravitational field vector g at Earths surface at the poles and the equator. Take account of the difference in the equatorial (6378 km) and polar (6357 km) radius as well as the centrifugal force. How well does the result agree with the difference calculated with the result g = 9.780356[1 + 0.0052885 sin 2 0.0000059 sin2(2)]m/s2 where is the latitude?arrow_forwardLet gM represent the difference in the gravitational fields produced by the Moon at the points on the Earths surface nearest to and farthest from the Moon. Find the fraction gM/g, where g is the Earths gravitational field. (This difference is responsible for the occurrence of the lunar tides on the Earth.)arrow_forwardOur solar system is roughly 2.2 x 1020 m away from the center of the Milky Way galaxy, and the system is moving at roughly 231.4 km/s around the galaxy's center. Since most of the galaxy's mass is near its center (and we are on an outer arm of this spiral galaxy), let's model the galaxy has a spherical mass distribution (like a single, giant star that our system is orbiting around). What is the mass of the galaxy (according to our rough, spherical model)? Obviously, this will be a VERY big answer, and so enter in your answer to the order of 1040 kg. In other words, calculate the answer, and then divide by 1040 and then enter in the result. BTW - by assuming that all mass in the galaxy is made up of stars that are about the same mass as our sun, it isn't too hard to then estimate how many stars are in the galaxy!). As an another aside, some measurements and observations that we have taken in Astronomy suggests that in reality, stars only make up a fraction of the total massarrow_forward
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- A 1.07 kg mass is at the center of a uniform spherical shell of mass 1.06 * 10 ^ 20 * kg and radius 1.02 * 10 ^ 6 * m Find the resultant gravitational force on the mass? Also find the resultant gravitational force of the mass if it is placed just outside the shell? Magnitude? Direction? Find the value of g just outside the shell?arrow_forwardAstronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0 • 1011 solar masses. A star orbiting on the galaxy’s periphery is about 6.0 • 104 light years from its center. a) What should the orbital period of that star be in years? b) If its period is 6.0 • 107 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy in solar masses? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of “dark matter” in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the centers of some galaxies.arrow_forwardIn this problem, you are going to explore three different ways to determine the gravitational constant G. a) By observing that the centripetal acceleration of the Moon around the Earth is ac = 2.66 × 10-3 m/s2, what is the gravitatonal constant G, in cubic meters per kilogram per square second? Assume the Earth has a mass of ME = 5.96 × 1024 kg, and the mean distance between the centers of the Earth and Moon is rm = 3.81 × 108 m. b) Measuring the centripetal acceleration of an orbiting object is rather difficult, so an alternative approach is to use the period of the orbiting object. Find an expression for the gravitational constant in terms of the distance between the gravitating objects rm, the mass of the larger body (the earth) ME, and the period of the orbiting body T. c) The gravitational constant may also be calculated by analyzing the motion of an object, launched from the surface of the earth at an initial velocity of vi. Find an expression of the gravitational constant…arrow_forward
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