Problem 1E: How do the properties of compounds compare to the properties of the elements from which they are... Problem 2E: What is a chemical bond? Why do chemical bonds form? Problem 3E: Explain the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond. Problem 4E: List and describe the different ways to represent compounds. Why are there so many? Problem 5E: What is the difference between an empirical formula and a molecular formula? Problem 6E Problem 7E Problem 8E Problem 9E: How can you use Lewis structures to determine the formula of ionic compounds? Give an example. Problem 10E: What is lattice energy? Problem 11E: Why is the formation of solid sodium chloride from solid sodium and gaseous chlorine exothermic,... Problem 12E Problem 13E Problem 14E Problem 15E Problem 16E Problem 17E Problem 18E: How does the Lewis model for covalent bonding account for the relatively low melting and boiling... Problem 19E: Explain howto nans molecular inorganic compounds. Problem 20E Problem 21E: What is the formula mass for a compound? Why is it useful? Problem 22E: Explain how the information in a chemical formula can be used to determine how much of a particular... Problem 23E: What is mass percent composition? Why is it useful? Problem 24E: Which kinds of conversion factors are inherent in chemical formulas? Provide an example. Problem 25E: Which kind of chemical formula can be obtained from experimental data showing the relative masses of... Problem 26E Problem 27E Problem 28E Problem 29E Problem 30E Problem 31E Problem 32E: Determine the empirical formula for the compound represented by each molecular formula. C2H4 C6H12O6... Problem 33E: Determine the number of each type of atom in each formula. Mg3(PO4)2 BaCl2 Fe(NO2)2 Ca(OH)2 Problem 34E: Determine the number of each type of atom in each formula. Ca(NO2)2 CuSO4 Al(NO3)3 Mg(HCO3)2 Problem 35E: Write a chemical formula for each molecular model. (See Appendix II A for color codes.) a. b. c. Problem 36E Problem 37E Problem 38E: Write an electron configuration for Ne. Then write a Lewis symbol for Ne and show which electrons... Problem 39E Problem 40E: Write a Lewis symbol for each atom or ion. a. S2- b. Mg c. Mg2+ d. P Problem 41E Problem 42E: Write the Lewis symbols that represent the ions in each ionic compound. SrO Li2S Cal2 RbF Problem 43E Problem 44E Problem 45E: The lattice energy of CsF is -744 kJ/mol, whereas that of BaO is -3029 kJ/mol. Explain this large... Problem 46E: Rubidium iodide has a lattice energy of-617 kJ/mol, while potassium bromide has a lattice energy of... Problem 47E Problem 48E Problem 49E Problem 50E Problem 51E Problem 52E Problem 53E Problem 54E Problem 55E Problem 56E Problem 57E Problem 58E Problem 59E Problem 60E Problem 61E: Use covalent Lewis structures to explain why each element (or family of elements) occurs as diatomic... Problem 62E: Use covalent Lewis structures to explain why the compound that forms between nitrogen and hydrogen... Problem 63E Problem 64E Problem 65E Problem 66E Problem 67E: Name each compound. (Refer to the nomenclature flowchart found in the Key Concepts section of the... Problem 68E Problem 69E Problem 70E Problem 71E: Calculate the formula mass for each compound. NO2 c4h10 C6H12O6 Cr(NO3)3 Problem 72E Problem 73E: Calculate the number of moles in each sample 72.5 g CCl4 12.4 g C12H22O11 25.2 kg C2H2 12.3 g of... Problem 74E: Calculate the mass of each sample 15.7 mol HNO3 1.04 x 10-3 mol H2O2 72.1 mmol SO2 1.23 mol xenon... Problem 75E: Determine the number of moles (of molecules or formula units) in each sample. 25.5 g NO2 1.25 kg CO2... Problem 76E: Determine the number of moles (of molecules or formula units) in each sample. 55.98 g CF2Cl2 23.6 kg... Problem 77E: How many molecules are in each sample? 6.5 g H2O 389 g CBr4 22.1 g O2 19.3 g C8Hl0 Problem 78E Problem 79E: Calculate the mass (in g) of each sample. 5.94 x 1020 SO3 molecules 2.8 x 1022 H2O molecules 1... Problem 80E: Calculate the mass (in g) of each sample 4.5 x 1025 O3 molecules 9.85 x 1019 CCI2F2 molecules 1... Problem 81E: A sugar crystal contains approximately 1.8 x 1017 sucrose (C12H22O11) molecules. What is its mass in... Problem 82E: A salt crystal has a mass of 0.12 mg. How many NaCI formula units does it contain? Problem 83E: Calculate the mass percent composition of carbon in each carbon-containing compound CH4 C2H6 C2H2... Problem 84E: Calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen in each nitrogen-containing compound N2O NO NO2... Problem 85E: Most fertilizers consist of nitrogen-containing compounds such as NH3, CO(NH2)2, NH4NO3, and... Problem 86E: Iron in the earth is in the form of iron ore. Common ores include Fe2O3 (hematite), Fe3O4... Problem 87E: Copper(ll) fluoride contains 37.42% F by mass. Calculate the mass of fluorine (in g) contained in... Problem 88E: Silver chloride, often used in silver plating, contains 75.27% Ag by mass. Calculate the mass of... Problem 89E: The iodide ion is a dietary mineral essential to good nutrition. In countries where potassium iodide... Problem 90E: The American Dental Association recommends that an adult female should consume 3.0 mg of fluoride... Problem 91E: Write a ratio showing the relationship between the molar amounts of each element for each compound. Problem 92E: Write a ratio showing the relationship between the molar amounts of each element for each compound.... Problem 93E: Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample 0.0885 mol c4h10 1.3 mol CH4 2.4 mol... Problem 94E: Determine the number of moles of oxygen atoms in each sample. 4.88 mol H2O2 2.15 mol N2O 0.0237 mol... Problem 95E: Calculate mass (in grams) of sodium in 8.5 g of each sodium-containing food additive NaCI (table... Problem 96E: Calculate the mass (in kilograms) of chlorine in 25 kg of each chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). CF2Cl2... Problem 97E: A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are... Problem 98E: A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are... Problem 99E: Calculate the empirical formula for each stimulant based on its elemental mass percent composition.... Problem 100E: Calculate the empirical formula for each natural flavor based on its elemental mass percent... Problem 101E: The elemental mass percent composition of ibuprofen is 75.69% C, 8.80% H, and 15.51% O. Determine... Problem 102E: The elemental mass percent composition of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is 40.92% C, 4.58% H, and 54.50%... Problem 103E: A 0.77-mg sample of nitrogen reacts with chlorine to form 6.61 mg of the chloride Determine the... Problem 104E: A 45.2-mg sample of phosphorus reacts with selenium to form 131.6 mg of the selenide Determine the... Problem 105E: The empirical formula and molar mass of several compounds are listed. Find the molecular formula of... Problem 106E: The malar mass and empirical formula of several compounds are listed. Find the molecular formula of... Problem 107E: Combustion analysis of a hydrocarbon produced 33.01 g CO2 and 13.51 g H2O. Calculate the empirical... Problem 108E: Combustion analysis of naphthalene, a hydrocarbon used in mothballs, produced 8.80 g CO2 and 1.44 g... Problem 109E: The foul odor of rancid butter is due largely to butyric acid, a compound containing carbon,... Problem 110E: Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats tart candies such as Sour Patch Kids™.... Problem 111E Problem 112E Problem 113E Problem 114E Problem 115E: How many molecules of ethanol (C2H5OH) (the alcohol in alcoholic beverages) are present in 145 mL of... Problem 116E: A drop of water has a volume of approximately 0.05 mL. How many water molecules does it contain? The... Problem 117E: Determine the chemical formula of each compound and use it to calculate the mass percent composition... Problem 118E: Determine the chemical formula of each compound and use it to calculate the mass percent composition... Problem 119E: A Freon™ leak in the air conditioning system of an old car releases 25 g of CF2Cl2 per month. What... Problem 120E Problem 121E: A metal (M) forms a compound with the formula MCI3. If the compound contains 65.57% Cl by mass, what... Problem 122E: A metal (M) forms an oxide with the formula M2O. If the oxide contains 16.99% O by mass, what is the... Problem 123E: Estradiol is a female sexual hormone that causes maturation and maintenance of the female... Problem 124E: Fructose is a common sugar found in fruit. Elemental analysis of fructose gives the following mass... Problem 125E: Combustion analysis of a 13.42-g sample of equilin (which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and... Problem 126E Problem 127E: Epsom salts is a hydrated ionic compound with the following formula: MgSO4 • x H2O. A 4.93-g sample... Problem 128E: A hydrate of copper(ll) chloride has the following formula: CuCl2 • x H2O. The water in a 3.41-g... Problem 129E: A compound of molar mass 177 g/mol contains only carbon, hydrogen, bromine, and oxygen. Analysis... Problem 130E: Researchers obtain the following data from experiments to find the molecular formula of benzocaine,... Problem 131E: Find the total number of atoms in a sample of cocaine hydrochloride, C17H22CINO4, of mass 23.5 mg. Problem 132E: Vanadium forms four different oxides in which the percent by mass of vanadium is, respectively, (a)... Problem 133E: The chloride of an unknown metal is believed to have the formula MCI3. A 2.395-g sample of the... Problem 134E Problem 135E: A chromium-containing compound has the formula FexCryO4 and is 23.59% oxygen by mass. Find x and y. Problem 136E Problem 137E Problem 138E Problem 139E: A mixture of NaCI and NaBr has a mass of 2.00 g and contains 0.75 g of Na. What is the mass of NaBr... Problem 140E: Three pure compounds form when 1.00-g samples of element X combine with, respectively, 0.472 g,... Problem 141E: A mixture of CaCO3 and (NH4)2CO3is 61.9% CO3 by mass. Find the mass percent of CaCO3in the mixture. Problem 142E: A mixture of 50.0 g of S and 1.00 x 102 g of CI2 reacts completely to formS2CI2 and SC12. What mass... Problem 143E: Because of increasing evidence of damage to the ozone layer, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) production was... Problem 144E: A particular coal contains 2.55% sulfur by mass. When the coal is burned, it produces SO2 emissions,... Problem 145E: Lead is found in Earth’s crust as several different lead ores. Suppose a certain rock is 38.0% PbS... Problem 146E: A 2.52-g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur is... Problem 147E Problem 148E: The elements X and Y form a compound that is 40% X and 60% Y by mass. The atomic mass of X is twice... Problem 149E: A compound of X and Y is 13 X by mass. The atomic mass of element X is one-third the atomic mass of... Problem 150E: A mixture of carbon and sulfur has a mass of 9.0 g. Complete combustion with excess O2gives 23.3 g... Problem 151E: When molecules are represented by molecular models, what does each sphere represent? How big is the... Problem 152E Problem 153E: Explain the problem with this statement and correct it: “The chemical formula for ammonia ( NH3 )... Problem 154E: Without doing any calculations, arrange the elements in H2SO4 in order of decreasing mass percent... Problem 155E Problem 156E Problem 157E Problem 158E: A compound isolated from the rind of lemons is 88.14% carbon and 11.86% hydrogen by mass. How many... Problem 159E Problem 1SAQ: What is the empirical formula of the compound with the molecular formula C10H8 ? C5H3 CH C2H4 C5H4 Problem 2SAQ: Which substance is an ionic compound? He N2O4 CCl4 Srl2 Problem 3SAQ Problem 4SAQ Problem 5SAQ Problem 6SAQ Problem 7SAQ Problem 8SAQ: What is the correct Lewis symbol for S? Problem 9SAQ: How many CH2Cl2 molecules are there in 25.0 g of CH2Cl2 ? 1.511025 molecules 1.771023 molecules... Problem 10SAQ: List the elements in the compound CF2Cl2 in order of decreasing mass percent composition? ClFC FClC... Problem 11SAQ: Determine the mass of potassium in 35.5 g of KBr. 0.298 g 17.4 g 11.7 g 32.9 g Problem 12SAQ: A compound is 52.14% C, 13.13% H, and 34.73% O by mass. What is the empirical formula of the... Problem 13SAQ: A compound has the empirical formula CH2O and a formula mass of 120.10 amu. What is the molecular... Problem 14SAQ: Combustion of 30.42 g of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produces 35.21 g... format_list_bulleted
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