EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337670968
Author: Backman
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 16RQ
Does Tycho’s model of the Universe explain the phases of Venus that Galileo observed? Why or why not?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Kepler's 1st law says that our Solar System's planets orbit in ellipses around the Sun where the closest distance to the Sun is called perihelion.
Suppose I tell you that there is a planet with a perihelion distance of 2 AU and a semi-major axis of 1.5 AU.
Does this make physical sense? Explain why or why not.
What was so significant about Tycho Brahe's observations of the position of the planets that enabled Kepler to eventually come up with his theory that planets orbit the Sun in ellipses rather than circles?
If Kepler did not have access to Tycho's data, do you think he would have came up with the same theory, or do you think he would have preferred either the Copernican or Ptolemaic theory?
The geocentric model, in all of its complexity, survived scientific scrutiny for almost 1,400 years. However, in modern
astronomy, scientists seek to explain the natural and physical world we live in as simply as possible. The complexity of
Ptolemy's model was an indicator that his theory was inherently flawed. Why, then, was the geocentric model the leading
theory for such a long time, even though the heliocentric model more simply explained the observed motions and
brightness of the planets?
Check all that apply.
☐ The geocentric model conformed to both the philosophical and religious doctrines of the time.
☐ The heliocentric model did not make noticeably better predictions than the geocentric model.
From Earth, all heavenly bodies appeared to circle around a stationary Earth.
The complexity of the geocentric model was appealing to most ancient astronomers.
Ancient astronomers did not observe stellar parallax, which would have provided evidence in favor of the heliocentric model.
Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQCh. 4 - Why did early human cultures observe astronomical...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 4 - Name one example each of a famous politician,...Ch. 4 - Why did Plato propose that all heavenly motion was...Ch. 4 - On what did Plato base his knowledge? Was it...Ch. 4 - Which two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional...Ch. 4 - Are the spheres of Eudoxus a scientific model? If...Ch. 4 - In Ptolemys model, how do the epicycles of Mercury...Ch. 4 - Describe in detail the motions of the planets...
Ch. 4 - In Ptolemys model, which of the followingepicycle,...Ch. 4 - Why did Copernicus have to keep small epicycles in...Ch. 4 - Was the belief held by ancient astronomers that...Ch. 4 - When Tycho observed the new star of 1572, he could...Ch. 4 - Assume the night is clear and the Moons phase is...Ch. 4 - Does Tychos model of the Universe explain the...Ch. 4 - Name an empirical law. Why is it considered...Ch. 4 - How does Keplers first law of planetary motion...Ch. 4 - When Mercury is at aphelion (farthest from the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20RQCh. 4 - What is P for Earth? What is a for Earth? Do these...Ch. 4 - Based Figure 4-13c, do planets with larger a take...Ch. 4 - How did the Alfonsine Tables, the Prutenic Tables,...Ch. 4 - Explain how each of Galileos telescopic...Ch. 4 - How did discovery of the Galilean moons disprove...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26RQCh. 4 - How Do We Know? Describe the differences between a...Ch. 4 - Draw and label a diagram of the western horizon...Ch. 4 - If you lived on Mars, which planets would exhibit...Ch. 4 - How long does it take for one retrograde cycle of...Ch. 4 - If a planet has an average distance from the Sun...Ch. 4 - If a space probe is sent into an orbit around the...Ch. 4 - Uranus orbits the Sun with a period of 84.0 years....Ch. 4 - An object takes 29.5 years to orbit the Sun. What...Ch. 4 - One planet is three times farther from the Sun...Ch. 4 - Galileos telescope showed him that Venus has a...Ch. 4 - Which is the phase of Venus when it is closest?...Ch. 4 - Galileos telescopes were not of high quality by...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 4 - Study Figures 4-11 and 4-16 and describe the...Ch. 4 - What three astronomical objects are represented...Ch. 4 - Use the figure below to explain how the Ptolemaic...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why did Kepler need Tycho Brahe’s data to formulate his laws?arrow_forwardExplain how Kepler was able to find a relationship (his third law) between the orbital periods and distances of the planets that did not depend on the masses of the planets or the Sun.arrow_forwardWhich of Keplers or Newtons laws best describes Aristotelean violent motions?arrow_forward
- Why did Copernicus want to develop a completely new system for predicting planetary positions? Provide two reasons.arrow_forwardWhy did Copernicus have to keep small epicycles in his model? Which planet has the longest duration of retrograde motion as viewed from Earth? The shortest?arrow_forwardWhat is P for Earth? What is a for Earth? Do these values support or disprove Keplers third law?arrow_forward
- According to Kepler’s second law, where in a planet’s orbit would it be moving fastest? Where would it be moving slowest?arrow_forwardIn what ways did the work of Copernicus and Galileo differ from the views of the ancient Greeks and of their contemporaries?arrow_forwardWhat are two ways in which Aristotle deduced that Earth is spherical?arrow_forward
- Scientist once hypothesized the existence of a planet called vulcan to explain Mercury's precession. Vulcan is supposed to be between mercury and the sun with a solar distance equal to 2/3;of that mercury. What would be its supposed periodarrow_forwardHow important was Tycho Brahe's work in the development of Kepler's law of planetary motion?arrow_forwardCopernicus's heliocentric model and Ptolemy's geocentric model were each developed to provide a description of the solar system. Both models had advantages that made each an acceptable explanation for motions in the solar system during their time. Sort each statement according to whether it is an advantage of the heliocentric model, the geocentric model, or both. Select the appropriate items to their respective bins. Heliocentric Rooted in widely accepted religious beliefs regarding Earth's place in the universe Explained planetary motions and brightness changes most simply Predicted planetary positions accurately over relatively short time periods Planetary orbits and motions based on Greek ideologies of perfect form and motion Geocentric Both geocentric and heliocentricarrow_forward
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