Chapter 4, Problem 1GST

(a)

To determine

The state of matter in which water is most dense by referring to Figure 4.3.

Answer to Problem 1GST

Water is most dense in a liquid state.

Explanation of Solution

Molecules of water present in ice are bonded together in a configuration characterized by many empty spaces. Hence, ice is less dense than water. The melting of ice causes the breaking of bonds. As a result, the molecules of water become more closely packed. The evaporation of liquid water causes the breakage of all hydrogen bonds, and hence free movement of water molecules occurs in a gaseous phase.

(b)

To determine

The state of matter in which water molecules are most energetic by referring to Figure 4.3.

Answer to Problem 1GST

Water molecules are most energetic in a gaseous state.

Explanation of Solution

Molecules of water present in ice are bonded together in a configuration characterized by many empty spaces. Hence, ice is less dense than water. Melting of ice causes breaking of bonds. As a result, the molecules of water become more closely packed. Evaporation of liquid water causes breakage of all hydrogen bonds, and hence free movement of water molecules occurs in a gaseous phase.

(c)

To determine

The state of matter in which water is compressible by referring to Figure 4.3.

Answer to Problem 1GST

Water molecules are compressible in a gaseous state.

Explanation of Solution

Molecules of water present in ice are bonded together in a configuration characterized by many empty spaces. Hence, ice is less dense than water. Melting of ice causes breaking of bonds. As a result, molecules of water become more closely packed. Evaporation of liquid water causes breakage of all hydrogen bonds, and hence free movement of water molecules occurs in a gaseous phase.