Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780534408961
Author: Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. Marion
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
error_outline
This textbook solution is under construction.
Students have asked these similar questions
Let's consider a simple pendulum, consisting of a point mass m, fixed to the end of a massless rod of length l, whose other end is fixed so that the mass can swing freely in a vertical plane. The pendulum's position can be specified by its angle Φ from the equilbrium position.
Prove that the pendulum's potential energy is U(ϕ)=mgl(1−cosϕ).
Write down the total energy E as a function of Φ and ϕ˙.
Show that by differentiating E with respect to t you can get the equation of motion for Φ.
Solve for Φ(t). If you solve properly, you should find periodic motion. What is the period of the motion?
Find g at a point on earth where T=2.01 s for a simple pendeulum of length 1.00 m, undergoing small-amplitude-oscillations.
The equation of motion for a damped harmonic oscillator is s(t) = Ae^(−kt) sin(ωt + δ),where A, k, ω, δ are constants. (This represents, for example, the position of springrelative to its rest position if it is restricted from freely oscillating as it normally would).(a) Find the velocity of the oscillator at any time t.(b) At what time(s) is the oscillator stopped?
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Show that, if a driven oscillator is only lightly damped and driven near resonance, the Q of the system is approximately Q2(TotalenergyEnergylossduringoneperiod)arrow_forwardC, N A uniform plank of length L and mass M is balanced on a fixed, semicircular bowl of radius R (Fig. P16.19). If the plank is tilted slightly from its equilibrium position and released, will it execute simple harmonic motion? If so, obtain the period of its oscillation.arrow_forwardLet the initial position and speed of an overdamped, nondriven oscillator be x0 and v0, respectively. (a) Show that the values of the amplitudes A1 and A2 in Equation 3.44 have the values A1=2x0+v021 and A2=1x0+v021 where 1 = 2 and 2 = + 2. (b) Show that when A1 = 0, the phase paths of Figure 3-11 must be along the dashed curve given by x=2x, otherwise the asymptotic paths are along the other dashed curve given by x=1x. Hint: Note that 2 1 and find the asymptotic paths when t .arrow_forward
- Calculate the energy, corrected to first order, of a harmonic oscillator with potential:arrow_forwardA physical pendulum composed of a solid sphere with radius R = 0.500m, is hanged from a ceiling by string of length equal to radius. What are the (a) angular frequency, (b) period, (c) frequency of the system for small angles of oscillation? For solid sphere Icm = 2/5 mr2. Also, why is the distance of the center of mass of the system from the point of oscillation 3R/2?arrow_forwardConsider a simple harmonic oscillator consisting of a one kilogram mass m' on a spring with spring/forceconstant k and length L'. If the mass of the spring ms is 9% of the attached mass, and k = 66 N/m,and if we determined the attached body is displaced 3 cm and given a downward velocity of 0.4 m/s -calculate,→ the frequency ω of the motion, ,→ and the amplitude A of the motionarrow_forward
- A body of mass m is suspended by a rod of length L that pivots without friction (as shown). The mass is slowly lifted along a circular arc to a height h. a. Assuming the only force acting on the mass is the gravitational force, show that the component of this force acting along the arc of motion is F = mg sin u. b. Noting that an element of length along the path of the pendulum is ds = L du, evaluate an integral in u to show that the work done in lifting the mass to a height h is mgh.arrow_forwardLet f(x)= 4xex - sin(5x). Find the third derivative of this function. Note ex is denoted as e^x below. Select one: (12+4x^3)e^x + 125sin(5x) 12e^x + 125cos(5x) not in the list (12+4x)e^x + 125cos(5x) (8+4x)e^x + 25sin(5x)arrow_forwardIn the case of a damped pendulum, how would the dyanmics change as a fixed point varied from being a stable spiral, to a stable degenerate node, to a stable node? I know that all the trajectories continue to lose altitude, and that the pendulum goes from whirling clockwise over the top, loses energy, settles to a small oscillation, and eventually comes to rest at the bottom, but wasn't sure if this general description changes based on the variation of fixed points.arrow_forward
- A simple harmonic oscillator consists of a spring with a force constant of k = 59.5 N/m connected to a block with a mass of m = 1.05 kg. Assume that the surface supporting the block is flat and frictionless, and there is no air resistance. At time t = 0, the spring is stretched 16.5 cm from its natural length and the block is moving at a speed of 1.95 m/s in the −x direction, as shown below. (a) Find x(t), the displacement of the block from equilibrium as a function of time. Hint: you’ll need to find the constants ω (in rad/s), A (in cm), ? (in radians) for the function: x(t) = Acos(ωt + φ). (b) What is the velocity of the block (in m/s) at t = 2.00 s? (c) What is the acceleration of the block (in m/s2) at t = 2.00 s?arrow_forwardIn the above question let us consider the position of mass when the spring is relaxed as x = 0, and the left to right direction as the positive direction of the x-axis.Provide x as a function of time t for the oscillating mass, if at the moment we start the stopwatch (t = 0), the mass is:( i ) at the mean position,( ii ) at the maximum stretched position, and( iii ) at the maximum compressed position.arrow_forwardIn this limit, what is the effective spring constant k for the pendulum in the limit of small angles? In this limit, what is the effective angular frequency ω of a pendulum in the limit of small angles?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Classical Dynamics of Particles and SystemsPhysicsISBN:9780534408961Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. MarionPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems
Physics
ISBN:9780534408961
Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. Marion
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning