Modern Database Management
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134773650
Author: Hoffer
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.41PAE
The Public Safety office at Millennium College maintains a list of parking tickets issued to vehicles parked illegally on the campus. Table 4-6 shows a portion of this list for the fall semester. (Attribute names are abbreviated to conserve space.)
- Convert this table to a relation in first normal form by entering appropriate data in the table. What are the determinants in this relation?
- Draw a dependency diagram that shows all functional dependencies in the relation, based on the sample data shown.
- Give an example of one or more anomalies that can result in using this relation.
- Develop a set of relations in third normal form. Include a new column with the heading Violation in the appropriate table to explain the reason for each ticket Values in this column are: expired parking meter (ticket code 1), no parking permit (ticket code 2), and handicap violation (ticket code 3).
- Develop an E-R diagram with the appropriate cardinality notations.
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Students have asked these similar questions
To keep track of students and their advisors, a university uses the table structure shown below. Assuming that the sample data are representative, draw a dependency diagram in Visio that shows all functional dependencies including both partial and transitive dependencies. (Hint: Look at the sample values to determine the nature of the relationships.)
Attribute Name
Sample Value
Sample Value
Sample Value
Sample Value
STUDENT_ID
123456
478596
123456
389987
STUDENT_NAME
Kim Brutt
Mary King
Kim Brutt
Donald Nouglle
ADVISOR_ID
123
473
567
123
ADVISOR_NAME
John Smith
Kim Young
Julia Roberts
John Smith
DEPARTMENT_CODE
AIT
CS
ECE
AIT
DEPARTMENT_NAME
Applied Information Technology
Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
Applied Information Technology
APPOINTMENT_DATE
01/01/2009
05/03/2009
03/06/2009
01/01/2009
Using your knowledge of the college environment, determine the functional dependencies that exist in the following table. After determining the functional dependencies, convert this table to an equivalent collection of tables that are in third normal form. Do not create a diagram of the tables. Instead use the symbolism like that found in the textbook when showing functional dependencies.
(StudentNum, StudentName, NumCredits, AdvisorNum, AdvisorName,
DeptNum, DeptName, CourseNum, Description, Term, Grade)
Using a document at your own school (for example, a class schedule), determine the attributes present in the document. Using your knowledge of the policies at your school, determine the functional dependencies present in the document. Use these dependencies to create a set of tables and columns that you could use to produce the document.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Modern Database Management
Ch. 4 - Define each of the following terms: determinant...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.2RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3RQCh. 4 - Describe the primary differences between the...Ch. 4 - Summarize six important properties of relations.Ch. 4 - Describe two properties that each candidate key...Ch. 4 - Describe the three types of anomalies that can...Ch. 4 - Demonstrate each of the anomaly types with an...Ch. 4 - Fill in the blanks in each of the following...Ch. 4 - What is a well-structured relation? Why are...
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.11RQCh. 4 - Describe how the following components of an E-R...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.13RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14RQCh. 4 - Briefly describe four typical problems that often...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.16RQCh. 4 - Explain how each of the following types of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.18RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.19RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.20RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21RQCh. 4 - What is the relationship between the primary key...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.23RQCh. 4 - Explain what can be done with primary keys to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.25RQCh. 4 - Explain three conditions that suggest a surrogate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.27RQCh. 4 - For each of the following E-R diagrams from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.29PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.30PAECh. 4 - For your answers to the following Problems and...Ch. 4 - Figure 4-3212 shows a class list for Millennium...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.33PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.34PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.35PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.36PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.37PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.38PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.39PAECh. 4 - Transform Figure 2-15a, attribute version, to 3NF...Ch. 4 - The Public Safety office at Millennium College...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.42PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.43PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.44PAECh. 4 - For your answers to Problem and Exercise 3-33 from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.46PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PAECh. 4 - Figure 4-38 includes an EER diagram for a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.49PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.50PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.51PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.52PAECh. 4 - Figure 4-40 shows an EER diagram for a university...Ch. 4 - Explore the data included in Table 4-9. Assume...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.55PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.56PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.57PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.58PAE
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- A transitive dependency is equivalent to which of the following?A) A functional dependency between two or more key attributes.B) A functional dependency between two or more nonkey attributes.C) A relation that is in first normal form.D) A relation that is in second normal form.arrow_forwardHello? I have to generate a set of relations and functional dependencies which IS in BCNF, but IS NOT dependency preserving. I have to justify both conditions, using concrete relation and attribute names, rather than just letters.arrow_forwardStudent ID | Student_name | Cource ID | Cource name | Grade 2 Noor 1 HIML B+ 7 C++ A 3 JAVA B 25 Al 2 C+ A 3 JAVA B 27 Sara 1 HIML A 3 JAVA A 28 Abmed 2 C++ B+ 1. What update anomalies may occur in the selation? 2. In which normal form (NF) the above relation? Provide an explanation to support your answer. 3. Decompose the relation so that the resut relations are in the third normal form (3NF).arrow_forward
- Why do the functional dependencies among a relation's attributes have to do with the primary key of the relation in the first place?arrow_forwardFor 1 through 4, state whether the statements are True or False (Do not provide any explanation or comment but only an answer of either True or False) A composite attribute is an attribute that is composed of several attributes. A derived attribute is an attribute whose value is calculated and not permanently stored in adatabase. Every table is a relation. Referential integrity constraint is a rule stating that no primary key column can be optional.arrow_forwardWrite an SQL Assertion statement to enforce the functional dependency Title → Salary for the relation EMPLOYEE(EmpID, Name, DeptID, Title, Salary). You may assume that no tuple has null values. Discuss any potential issue with this table design.arrow_forward
- In SQL, foreign key constraints can reference only the primary key attributes ofthe referenced relation or other attributes declared to be a superkey using theunique constraint. As a result, total participation constraints on a many-to-manyrelationship set (or on the “one” side of a one-to-many relationship set) cannotbe enforced on the relations created from the relationship set, using primarykey, foreign key, and not null constraints on the relations. Explain whyarrow_forwardWhat are three advantages of using a surrogate key rather than the main key to access a relation instead?arrow_forwardConsider the following relation for published books:BOOK (Book_title, Authorname, Book_type, Listprice, Author_affil, Publisher)Author_affil refers to the affiliation of the author. Suppose the following dependencies exist:Book_title → Publisher, Book_typeBook_type → ListpriceAuthor_name → Author-affil (a) What normal form is the relation in? Explain your answer.(b) Apply normalization until you cannot decompose the relations further. State the reasons behind eachdecomposition.arrow_forward
- Create a form of the hybrid merge-join method that is appropriate for the situation in which both relations are not physically sorted, but both have a sorted secondary index on the attributes that are to be combined.arrow_forwardWhen should you use a surrogate key instead of the main key in a relation, and provide three examples?arrow_forwardThe task is to write SQL statements to define tables for the corresponding relations. Make sure that the data and size for each attribute is appropriate. An example of this is how the data type DATE is a better choice than a string data type for the attribute dayOfGame. Additionally, SQL statements to load data into each table based on the given records must be written down. Goals: Write SQL statements to remove tables from the database. Due to foreign key constraints, the sequence of removing tables should be in the reverse order of creating tables. Write SQL statements to define the three tables in the database showcased in the image. Each table should exactly have one PRIMARY KEY. The PRIMARY KEY may have more than one column. Besides the PRIMARY KEY, the table GameStats has two FOREIGN KEYs. Write SQL statements to display the structure of the newly built tables. Write SQL statements to load records into the tables. Add one more record for each table.arrow_forward
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