University Physics (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780133969290
Author: Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.53P
DATA The table gives automobile performance data for a few types of cars:
| Make and Model (Year) | Mass (kg) | Time (s) to go from 0 to 60 mph |
| Alpha Romeo 4C (2013) | 895 | 4.4 |
| Honda Civic 2.0i (2011) | 1320 | 6.4 |
| Ferrari F430 (2004) | 1435 | 3.9 |
| Ford Focus RS500 (2010) | 1468 | 5.4 |
| Volvo S60 (2013) | 1650 | 7.2 |
*Source: www.autosnoui.com
(a) During an acceleration of 0 to 60 mph. which car has the largest average net force acting on it? The smallest? (b) During this acceleration, for which car would the average net force on a 72.0-kg passenger be the largest? The smallest? (c) When the Ferrari F430 accelerates from 0 to 100 mph in 8.6 s. what is the average net force acting on it? How does this net force compare with the average net force during the acceleration from 0 to 60 mph? Explain why these average net forces might differ. (d) Discuss why a car has a top speed. What is the net force on the Ferrari F430 when it is traveling at its top speed, 196 mph?
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A car manufacturer is designing a new, lighter sports car. It has a mass of 1,000 kg. They ran 5 trials to see how a change in force could result in a change of acceleration. Examine the table below to answer the following questions.
Table 1: Force and Acceleration Trials
Trial
Force (N)
Mass (kg)
Acceleration (m/s2)
1
2,000
1,000
2
4,000
1,000
4
3
8,000
1,000
8
4
12,000
1,000
12
5
1,000
16
Questions:
1a. What are the units of…force? mass? and acceleration?
b. Identify the variables of this experiment: Control: , Independent:, Dependent:
c. Analyze the data for Trial 2 and Trial 3. How many times greater is the force applied in Trial 3 (compared to 2)? and how many times greater is the acceleration in Trial 3?
d. Analyze the data for Trial 2 and Trial 4. How big if the force applied in Trial 2 (compared to 4)? and How big is the acceleration in Trial 2 (compared to 4)?
e. Big Idea! For the…
The car manufacturer wants to see how the mass of the car affects the force required to accelerate the car by the same amount. A second set of trials are run in order to see how much force is needed to accelerate cars of different masses.
Table 2: Force and Acceleration Trials
Trial
Force (_____)
Mass (______)
Acceleration (____________)
1
6,000
500
2
6,000
1,000
6
3
6,000
2,000
3
4
6,000
3,000
2
5
6,000
4,000
Questions:
1a. Label Table 2 with the proper units for each quantity and identify the variables of this experiment:
Control: Independent Dependent:
b. Analyze the data for Trial 2 and Trial 3; how big is the acceleration in Trial 3 (compared to 2)? and How many times greater is the mass in Trial 3?
c. Analyze the data for Trial 2 and Trial 4. How much greater is the acceleration in Trial 2 (compared to 4)? and How big is the mass in Trial 2 (compared to 4)?
d. Big Idea! For the same amount of force,…
The bottom crate is pulled by a force of 20 NN to the right. The μk between the bottom crate and the surface is 0.32. The μk between the bottom crate and the top crate is also 0.32.(Figure 1)
Find the acceleration of the 2.0 kg crate.
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Chapter 4 Solutions
University Physics (14th Edition)
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