(a)
Interpretation:
The compound that exhibits weaker intermolecular forces has to be given.
Concept introduction:
London Dispersion forces:
London dispersion forces are weak interactions due to the temporary changes in electron density in a molecule. All covalent compound exhibits London dispersion forces. These intermolecular forces are the only intermolecular forces present in nonpolar compounds.
Hydrogen Bonding:
A
Dipole-dipole interactions:
Dipole–dipole interactions are electrostatic interactions between molecules which have permanent dipoles. This interaction is stronger than the London forces but is weaker than ion-ion interaction because only partial charges are involved positive end of a polar molecule will attract the negative end of the other molecule and influence its position
(b)
Interpretation:
The compound, which has higher boiling point, has to be given.
(c)
Interpretation:
The compound, which has higher melting point, has to be given.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Connect 1-Semester Online Access for Principles of General, Organic & Biochemistry
- 1. What functional group increases the boiling point of straight chain primary alcohols and carboxylic acids by 18 degrees Celsius? methane methylane ethylene methylene 2. What type of bonds are present between alcohol molecules that allow them to have a higher boiling point than saturated hydrocarbons? A. Van der Waals forces B. hydrogen bond C. london forces D. dipole-dipole bonds 3. It is a compound composed of 2 similar subunits or held together by ionic or covalent bonds. primer chiral monomer dimerarrow_forwardWhy do alcohols have boiling points much higher than hydrocarbons of similar molecular weight? a. Alcohols have greater van der Waals attraction forces.b. Alcohol molecules have greater molecular symmetry.c. Hydrogen bonds must be broken in the process of volatilization.d. Alcohols must overcome greater ionic forces in the process of volatilization.arrow_forward1. Substance X dissolves in Substance Y. Which of the following statements is true? a.Substances X and Y do not have a significantly large difference of polarities. b.Substance X has many hydroxyl substituents that can hydrogen bond with the n-alkane Substance X. c.Substance Y is non-polar and is able to dissolve the polar Substance X. d.Substance Y is polar and is capable of dipole-dipole interaction with the nonpolar Substance X. 2. Substances A,B,C,D, and E are mixed together. Substances B and E form into a separate immiscible layer above the solution. Which of the following statements is true? a.B and E are non-polar. They can hydrogen bonds with each other in order to separate from the polar A,C, and D b.B and E have similar polarities with A, C, and D. c.B and E are non-polar. A,C and D are polar. d.B and A are polar. It follows the like dissolves like rule.arrow_forward
- 4. There are two isomers corresponding to the chemical formula C2H6O. One is an alcohol, and the other is an ether. (hint use the table of electronegativity) a. Draw each compound. b. Which compound would you expect to be more water soluble, and why? c. Which compound would you expect to have the higher boiling point, and why?arrow_forwardWhich of these substances is most soluble in water? a.) C10H21I b.)C6H13Cl c.) C8H17Br d.) C4H9NH2 Give the name of each and explain why it is the most soluble in water. Thanks.arrow_forwardWhy does styrene have a higher boiling point, 145 °C, than isopropanol, 83 °C? Based on the types and strength of intermolecular forces?arrow_forward
- 20. Which statement is false regarding this compound? A. It should be somewhat soluble in water. B. It is achiral. C. The nitrogen atom should have a trigonal planar geometry. D. It should have a relatively high boiling point. E. All of the statements (A-D) are true. NH₂arrow_forwardThe following compounds have similar molecular weights. Which has the highest boiling point? O a. CH3CH2CH3 b. CH3OCH3 O C. CH3CH₂OH d. CH3CH=Oarrow_forwardConsider the reaction of gaseous propene with liquid water to produce liquid 2- propanol. a. Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction including phase labels. b. What would the Law of Mass Action be? (The specific mathematical equation for K)arrow_forward
- Which has higher boiling point? 1.CH3CH2OH or CH3CH2NH2 Which is more soluble in water? 1.CH3CH2OH or CH3CH2NH2arrow_forward3. Which of the following molecules would hydrogen bond with other molecules like it? For those that do hydrogen bond, draw a diagram of two molecules using a dotted line to indicate where the hydrogen bond will occur. a. Br2 b. CH3 – O – CH3 c. CH3 – O – H d. H2O e. H2Sarrow_forwardWhich of the following would have the lowest boiling point? a. 2-methyl-2-butanol (2-metil-2 butanol) b. Ethanol (Etanol) c. Butanol d. Propanolarrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
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