Orthonitroanaline (an important intermediate in dyes—called fast orange) is formed from the reaction of orthonitrochlorobenzene (ONCB) and aqueous ammonia (see explosion in Figure E13-2.1 in Example 13-2).
The liquid-phase reaction is first order in both ONCB and ammonia with k = 0.0017 m3/kmol · min at 188°C with E = 11,273 cal/mol. The initial entering concentrations of ONCB and ammonia are 1.8 kmol/m3 and 6.6 kmol/m3, respectively (more on this reaction in Chapter 13).
- (a) Set up a stoichiometric table for this reaction for a flow system.
- (b) Write the rate law for the rate of disappearance of ONCB in terms of concentration.
- (c) Explain how parts (a) and (b) would be different for a batch system.
- (d) Write −rA solely as a function of conversion.
- (e) What is the initial rate of reaction (X = 0)
−rA = ______
at 188°C? −rA = ______
at 25°C? −rA = ______
at 288°C? −rA = ______
- (f) What is the rate of reaction when X = 0.90
at 188°C? −rA = ______
at 25°C? −rA = ______
at 288°C? −rA = ______
- (g) What would be the corresponding CSTR reactor volume at 25°C to achieve 90% conversion and at 288°C for a feed rate of 2 dm3/min
at 25°C? V = ______
at 288°C? V = ______
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