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Since astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless, a clever method of measuring their masses is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses to adjust diets. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 50.0 N is exerted and the astronaut's acceleration is measured to be 0.893 m/s2. (a) Calculate her mass. (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which they orbit experiences an equal and opposite force. Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut's acceleration. Propose a method in which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.
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- Astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless. This means that a clever method of measuring the mass of astronauts is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses and adjust their diet. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 45.0 N is exerted, and an astronaut's acceleration is measured to be 0.662 m/s². (a) Calculate her mass (in kg). 67.98 kg (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which she orbits experiences an equal and opposite force. Use this knowledge to find an equation for the acceleration of the spaceship that would be measured by a nearby observer. (Enter the magnitude. Use the following as necessary: mastro for the astronaut's mass, mship for the spaceship's mass, and a astro for the magnitude of the astronaut's acceleration. Do not substitute numerical values; use variables only.) mastro“ astro a ship ashiparrow_forwardAstronauts in orbit are apparently weightless. This means that a clever method of measuring the mass of astronauts is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses, and adjust their diet. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 50.0 N is exerted, and an astronaut's acceleration is measured to be 0.983 m/s. (a) Calculate her mass. (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which she orbits experiences an equal and opposite force. Use this knowledge to find an equation for the acceleration of the system (astronaut and spaceship) that would be measured bya nearby observer. (c) Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut's acceleration. Propose a method by which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.arrow_forwardSince astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless, a clever method of measuring their masses is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses to adjust diets. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 57.5 N is exerted and the astronaut's acceleration is measured to be 0.880 m/s². Calculate her mass (in kg). kg By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which they orbit experiences an equal and opposite force. Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut's acceleration. Propose a method in which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.arrow_forward
- A “doomsday” asteroid with a mass of 1.0x1010 kg is hurtling through space. Unless the asteroid’s speed is changed by about 0.20 cm/s it will collide with Earth and cause tremendous damage. Researchers suggest that a small “space tug” sent to the asteroid’s surface could exert a gentle constant force of 2.5 N. For how long must this force act?arrow_forwardA 10.0 kg mass is acted on by the two forces: and F1=(3.0N)i+(2.0N)j and F2=(10.0N)i+(7N.0)7 a) Express the summation of these two forces in unit vector notation. That is: b) What is the acceleration of this mass while these forces are acting? Write your answer in unit vector notation. c) What is the direction of the acceleration (give the angle of acceleration with the x axis)?arrow_forwardSuppose the mass of a fully loaded module in which astronauts take off from the Moon is 12,100 kg. The thrust of its engines is 33,500 N. (Assume that the gravitational acceleration on the Moon is 1.67 m/s2.) (a) Calculate its magnitude of acceleration in a vertical takeoff from the Moon. m/s2 (b) Could it lift off from Earth? If not, why not? O No, the thrust of the module's engines is less than its weight on Earth. O No, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth. O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is greater than its weight on Earth. O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth. If it could, calculate the magnitude of its acceleration. (If not, enter NONE.) m/s2 Additional Materials O Reading ASK YOUR TEACHER PRACTICE ANOTHER 30°E Partly sunny A MY NOTES 12-56 PM OSCOLPHYS144015arrow_forward
- Two forces F, = (74.87î - 40.73ĵ) N and F, = (27.41î - 72.94ĵ) N are exerted on a particle. The particle's mass is 13.61 kg. (a) Find the particle's acceleration in component form. (Express your answer in vector form.) a = m/s? (b) What are the magnitude and direction of the acceleration? magnitude m/s? direction ° counterclockwise from the +x axisarrow_forwardThe values of gravitational acceleration at the surfaces of Jupiter, Pluto, and the sun are 23.12 m/s, 0.72 m/s, and 273.98 m/s, respectively. Determine your weight at each of these locations in both SI and US customary units. Assume no loss of mass results from the extreme conditions.arrow_forwardSuppose the mass of a fully loaded module in which astronauts take off from the Moon is 10,400 kg. The thrust of its engines is 33,000 N. (Assume that the gravitational acceleration on the Moon is 1.67 m/s2.) (a) Calculate (in m/s2) its magnitude of acceleration in a vertical takeoff from the Moon. m/s? (b) Could it lift off from Earth? If not, why not? O No, the thrust of the module's engines is less than its weight on Earth. O No, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth. O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is greater than its weight on Earth. O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth. If it could, calculate (in m/s?) the magnitude of its acceleration. (If not, enter NONE.) |m/s²arrow_forward
- A 8.0 x 10 kg spaceship is at rest in deep space. Its thrusters provide a force of 1200 kN. The spaceship fires its thrusters for 20 s, then coasts for 19 km. How long does it take the spaceship to coast this distance? Express your answer with the appropriate units. Δt = |40 μA S 2 ?arrow_forwardNewton's second law states that force equals mass times acceleration. For a 10-gram weight, force given an acceleration of x meters per second can be modeled by the equation y = 10x .The relationship is a/an with a constant of variation ofarrow_forwardA 747 jetliner lands and begins to slow to a stop as it moves along the runway. If its mass is 3.56×105 kg, its speed is 73.0 m/s, and the net braking force is 4.30×105N, what is its speed 12.0 s later? How far has it traveled in this time?arrow_forward
- University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University