(a)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The
(a)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for nitrogen is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for copper is shown below.
To balance the charge, add
As the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (1) with
And, multiply equation (2) with
Add equation (3) and (4) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(b)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(b)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for chromium is shown below.
To balance the chromium atoms both sides add coefficient
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for chlorine is shown below.
To balance the chlorine atoms both side add coefficient
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (2) with
Add equation (3) and (1) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(c)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(c)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for lead is shown below.
The above equation in ionic form would be re-written as shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for chlorine is shown below.
To balance the charge, add
Add equation (2) and (1) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation in ionic form becomes,
Therefore, the final balanced equation is shown below.
(d)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(d)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The
The reaction is re-written as
The reduction half reaction for bismuth is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for manganese is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atom, add
To balance the hydrogen atom, add
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (1) with
And, multiply equation (2) with two this become,
Add equation (3) and (4) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(e)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(e)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for arsenic is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for zinc is shown below.
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (2) with
Add equation (2) and (3) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(f)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(f)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for nitrogen is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for arsenic is shown below.
To balance the arsenic atoms multiply
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (1) with
And, equation (2) with three as shown below.
(4)
Add equation (3) and (4) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(g)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(g)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for manganese is shown below.
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for bromine is shown below.
To balance the bromine atoms, add coefficient two with
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (1) with
And, multiply equation (2) with
Add equation (3) and (4) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
(h)
Interpretation:The reaction
Concept introduction:The redox reactions are associated with the change in oxidation number of the interacting elements. These reactions are balanced by using half reaction method. The half reaction method is used either in acidic or basic medium. This method works better when medium of interacting species is aqueous medium.
(h)
Answer to Problem 81E
The balanced reaction is
Explanation of Solution
The given chemical equation is shown below.
The reduction half reaction for chromium is shown below.
To balance the chromium atoms both the sides add coefficient
To balance the oxygen atoms, add
To balance the hydrogen atoms, add
To balance the charge, add
The oxidation half reaction for carbon is shown below.
To balance the hydrogenatoms, add
To balance the charge, add
As, the number of electrons gained in reduction half reaction must be equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation half reaction.
To balance the electron transfer in half reactions, multiply equation (2) with
Add equation (3) and (1) as shown below.
Thus, the final balanced equation becomes,
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemical Principles
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