Chapter 40, Problem 1TC

Even though some of their functions overlap, why is it advantageous for animals to have both a nervous system and an endocrine system?

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages of animals having both a nervous system and an endocrine system.

Introduction:

The glands of endocrine system release their content directly into the blood circulation and regulate other organs of the body. They have no ducts. Thus, they are called as the ductless glands. Pituitary gland, thyroid gland and adrenal gland are some of its examples. The nervous system is a network of nerve cells that transmits nerve impulses between the brain and spinal cord to the different body parts.

Explanation of Solution

Humans have a complex physiological system and thus require a various way to control and coordinate the body functions. Also the human body should respond appropriately to various internal stimuli which influence the functioning of both nervous system and endocrine system.

The control of internal organs is due to both the nervous system and the endocrine system. They are involved in the subconscious control of the brain. The brain receives sensory signals from internal organs and controls the activity of muscles and endocrine system releases hormones by signals sent by the brain that regulate the metabolism, growth and development of the body.

Both systems use subconscious control of internal environment which is done by the reflex action that involves hypothalamus and medulla oblongata.

Conclusion

The brain receives sensory signals and controls the activity of muscles and endocrine system releases hormones that regulate the metabolism, growth and development of the body.