Gen Combo Ll Biology; Connect W/learnsmart Labs Access Card
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259853197
Author: Robert Brooker
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 41.3, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The way in which action potential can be affected if Na+ channels did not have their inactivation gates.
Introduction: Action potential comprises electrical events that facilitate the transport of the signal across the membranes. At threshold, the potential of the membrane is -55 to -50 mV. On receiving the stimuli voltage gated Na+ channel open and initiate an action potential.
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What would occur if voltage - regulated Na+ and k+ gates opened at the same time rather than at different times, during the production of an action potential?
What are THREE major functional characteristics of the voltage-gate Na+-channels and how do these characteristics contribute to the generation of action potential?
what would happen to the action potential if the potassium channels opened before the sodium channels?
Chapter 41 Solutions
Gen Combo Ll Biology; Connect W/learnsmart Labs Access Card
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 1BCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.4 - What key prior observation led Loewi to develop...Ch. 41.4 - CoreSKILL The results of Loewis experiment...
Ch. 41.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 41 - Prob. 1TYCh. 41 - Prob. 2TYCh. 41 - The myelin sheath a. is produced by neurons in the...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYCh. 41 - Which of the following contribute(s) to the...Ch. 41 - Prob. 7TYCh. 41 - Prob. 8TYCh. 41 - Prob. 9TYCh. 41 - Prob. 10TYCh. 41 - Prob. 1CQCh. 41 - Prob. 2CQCh. 41 - Prob. 3CQCh. 41 - Describe the difference between an electrical...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Dendrotoxins, produced by the mamba snakes (Dendroaspis), are inhibitors of the voltage-gated K+ channels. What phase of the action potential would this toxin affect? How would it affect ion permeability during this phase? How would ion movement be affected?arrow_forwardDraw a typical action potential (correctly label axis) and explain in words the roles of ion channels in generating the different phases of the action potential. (Extra credit: How would opening voltage gated calcium channels upon depolarization affect the shape of the action potential if they have a relatively slow inactivation rate?)arrow_forwardWhat happens if a potassium channel opened before sodium channels during the action potential process?arrow_forward
- In the figure to the left, name the 4 phases of the action potential (Note: you have to write in where phase 4 occurs). Describe what happens in each phase with a focus on Na+ and K+ flow through channels and the membrane potential. Discuss the importance of threshold. How does this relate to the concept of APs being all or none?arrow_forwardWhy does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open moreslowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?arrow_forwardWhen an impulse arrives at the synapse, the synaptic vesicles open and release neurotransmitters into the cleft within a thousandth of a second. Within another ten thousandth of a second, these molecules have diffused across the cleft and bound to receptor sites in the effector cell. In what two ways is transmission across a synapse terminated so that the neuron’s signal is concluded?arrow_forward
- In an experiment, the extracellular [Na+] surrounding a nerve cell was reduced from 145 to 45 mM. Which of the following is the most likely effect of this on action potentials? No action potentials would occur because the concentration of extracellular Na+ is too low. The membrane potential would become more negative so the threshold for action potential generation could not be reached. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarisation phase would be slower. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarization phase would be more rapid.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between inactivate and closed Na+ channels?Explain how a salty flavor is transduced into an action potential. Describe each step in an action potentialarrow_forwardWhat is the explanation for the decrease in the amplitude of an action potential in a train of action potentials?arrow_forward
- What happens when the activation gates in the voltagegated Na+ channels open and the inactivation gatesclose?arrow_forwardAt which point in the graph do voltage-gated potassium channels open? (Base your answer to this question on the graph below depicting an action potential.) A B C D Earrow_forwardWhat will happen if threshold value for the generation of action potential is not reached?arrow_forward
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