Physics For Scientists & Engineers Vol. 3 (chs 36-44) With Modern Physics And Mastering Physics (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780136139256
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 42, Problem 74GP
To determine
The heat of the combustion per kilogram of hydrogen fuel and compare it with the heat of combustion of coal.
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Calculate the mass defect (in u) and the energy produced (in MeV) in the D-D reaction shown. (Assume the mass of 21H is 2.0140 u, the mass of 31H is 3.0161 u, and the mass of 11H is 1.0078 u.)
The natural fission reactor discussed in Module 43-3 is estimated to have generated 15 gigawatt-years of energy during its lifetime. (a) If the reactor lasted for 200 000 y, at what average power level did it operate? (b) How many kilograms of 235U did it consume during its lifetime?
In a fission process in which 235U235U is struck by a neutron and undergoes fission to produce144Ba, 89Kr, and three neutrons. The measured masses of these isotopes are 235.043930 u (235U), 143.922953 u (144Ba), 88.917630 u (89Kr), and 1.0086649 u (neutron).
A) Calculate the energy (in MeV) released by each fission reaction.
Express your answer in megaelectronvolts.
B) Calculate the energy released per gram of 235U, in MeV/g.
Express your answer in megaelectronvolts per gram.
Chapter 42 Solutions
Physics For Scientists & Engineers Vol. 3 (chs 36-44) With Modern Physics And Mastering Physics (4th Edition)
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 42.3 - Prob. 1BECh. 42.4 - Return to the first Chapter-Opening Question, page...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 1DECh. 42.6 - Prob. 1EECh. 42 - Prob. 1QCh. 42 - Prob. 2QCh. 42 - Prob. 3QCh. 42 - Why are neutrons such good projectiles for...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 42 - Prob. 6QCh. 42 - Prob. 7QCh. 42 - Prob. 8QCh. 42 - Prob. 9QCh. 42 - Prob. 10QCh. 42 - Prob. 11QCh. 42 - Why would a porous block of uranium be more likely...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13QCh. 42 - Prob. 14QCh. 42 - Prob. 15QCh. 42 - Prob. 16QCh. 42 - Prob. 17QCh. 42 - Prob. 18QCh. 42 - Prob. 19QCh. 42 - Prob. 20QCh. 42 - Prob. 21QCh. 42 - Prob. 22QCh. 42 - Prob. 23QCh. 42 - Prob. 24QCh. 42 - Prob. 25QCh. 42 - How might radioactive tracers be used to find a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1PCh. 42 - Prob. 2PCh. 42 - Prob. 3PCh. 42 - Prob. 4PCh. 42 - Prob. 5PCh. 42 - Prob. 6PCh. 42 - Prob. 7PCh. 42 - Prob. 8PCh. 42 - Prob. 9PCh. 42 - Prob. 10PCh. 42 - Prob. 11PCh. 42 - Prob. 12PCh. 42 - Prob. 13PCh. 42 - Prob. 14PCh. 42 - Prob. 15PCh. 42 - Prob. 16PCh. 42 - Prob. 17PCh. 42 - Prob. 18PCh. 42 - (I) What is the effective cross section for the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 20PCh. 42 - Prob. 21PCh. 42 - Prob. 22PCh. 42 - Prob. 23PCh. 42 - Prob. 24PCh. 42 - Prob. 25PCh. 42 - Prob. 26PCh. 42 - Prob. 27PCh. 42 - Prob. 28PCh. 42 - Prob. 29PCh. 42 - Prob. 30PCh. 42 - Prob. 31PCh. 42 - Prob. 32PCh. 42 - Prob. 33PCh. 42 - Prob. 34PCh. 42 - Prob. 35PCh. 42 - Prob. 36PCh. 42 - Prob. 37PCh. 42 - Prob. 38PCh. 42 - Prob. 39PCh. 42 - Prob. 40PCh. 42 - Prob. 41PCh. 42 - Prob. 42PCh. 42 - Prob. 43PCh. 42 - Prob. 44PCh. 42 - Prob. 45PCh. 42 - Prob. 46PCh. 42 - Prob. 47PCh. 42 - Prob. 48PCh. 42 - Prob. 49PCh. 42 - Prob. 50PCh. 42 - Prob. 51PCh. 42 - Prob. 52PCh. 42 - Prob. 53PCh. 42 - Prob. 54PCh. 42 - Prob. 55PCh. 42 - Prob. 56PCh. 42 - Prob. 57PCh. 42 - Prob. 58PCh. 42 - Prob. 59PCh. 42 - Prob. 60PCh. 42 - Prob. 61PCh. 42 - Prob. 62PCh. 42 - Prob. 63PCh. 42 - Prob. 64PCh. 42 - Prob. 65GPCh. 42 - Prob. 66GPCh. 42 - Prob. 67GPCh. 42 - Prob. 68GPCh. 42 - Prob. 69GPCh. 42 - Prob. 70GPCh. 42 - Prob. 71GPCh. 42 - Prob. 72GPCh. 42 - Prob. 73GPCh. 42 - Prob. 74GPCh. 42 - Prob. 75GPCh. 42 - Prob. 76GPCh. 42 - Prob. 77GPCh. 42 - Prob. 78GPCh. 42 - Prob. 79GPCh. 42 - Prob. 80GPCh. 42 - Prob. 81GPCh. 42 - Prob. 82GPCh. 42 - Prob. 83GPCh. 42 - Prob. 84GPCh. 42 - Prob. 85GPCh. 42 - Prob. 86GPCh. 42 - Prob. 87GPCh. 42 - Prob. 88GP
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- We want to get an idea of the actual mass of 235U involved in powering a nuclear power plant. Assume that a single fission event releases 200 MeV of thermal energy. A 1,000 MWe electric power plant has a thermal power of approximately 3,000 MWth. What rate of fission reactions is required to produce this power? (Note: 1 eV = 1.6 × 10−19 J.) The reactor core consists of approximately 100 tonnes of UO2 (1 tonne = 1,000 kg), which is enriched in 235U to 4%. How many full-power years could the reactor operate if all of the 235U were to be fissioned? What factors prevent such complete depletion of the 235U from occurring? Under the 235U depletion scenario of part b, what mass of fission products and what mass of high-level wastes (HLW) would be produced?arrow_forwardHow much energy can be released in total from 0.895 kg deuterium by the fusion reaction above if the neutron mass is 1.00866 u?arrow_forwardGiven the following two nuclear reactions, reaction 1: 235U + n → 140Xe + 94Sr + 2n reaction 2: 4(1H) + 4e− → 4He + 2ν + 6γ + 2e− (a) Identify each reaction (b) Which reaction releases most energy? justify (c) How long would the energy released from each reaction sustain a 100W light bulb?arrow_forward
- A large power reactor that has been in operation for some months is turned off, but residual activity in the core still produces 150 MW of power. If the average energy per decay of the fission products is 0.96 MeV, what is the core activity in units of curies?arrow_forwardThe power output of the Sun is 4 × 1026 W. Part (a) If 88 % of this is supplied by the proton-proton cycle, how many protons are consumed per second? Part (b) How many neutrinos per second should be incident on every square meter of the Earth from this process? This huge number is indicative of how rarely a neutrino interacts, since large detectors observe very few per day.arrow_forwardHow much energy is released in the nuclear reaction as shown? If 1.0 kg of 235U were to undergo this reaction, how much energy would be released?arrow_forward
- The fission of the nucleus of 235U releases approximately 200 MeV. How much energy (in kilowatt-hours and megawatt-days) is released when 1 g of 235U undergoes fission? Fast.arrow_forwardAnother set of reactions that result in the fusing ofhydrogen into helium in the Sun and especially in hotter starsis called the carbon cycle. It is12C + 1H → 13N + γ,13N → 13C + e+ + ve,13C + 1H → 14N + γ,14N + 1H → 15O + γ,15O → 15N + e+ + ve,15N + 1H → 12C + 4He.Write down the overall effect of the carbon cycle (as wasdone for the proton-proton cycle in2e− + 41H → 4 He + 2ve + 6γ ). Note the number of protons ( 1H ) required and assume that the positrons ( e+ ) annihilate electrons to form more γ rays.arrow_forwardHow much energy (in x 1016 Joule) does the Sun burn 1 kg of hydrogen fuel in a nuclear reaction?arrow_forward
- Do the initial fragments formed by fission have more protons than neutrons, more neutrons than protons, or about the same number of each?arrow_forwardConsider the process the fission process induced by 238^U by a thermal neutron that produces 140^Ce, 99^Ru and N beta decay events as per reaction: 238^U + n --> 140^Ce + 99^Ru + Ne a) Determine how many N beta decay events are produced in each fission reaction. b) Determine the energy released by the fission reaction (in MeV)arrow_forward
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