IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136781752
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 42, Problem 9TYU
EVOLUTION CONNECTION One opponent of the movie monster Godzilla is Mothra, a mothlike creature with a wingspan of several dozen meters. The largest known insects were Paleozoic dragonflies with half-meter wingspans. Focusing on respiration and gas exchange, explain why giant insects are improbable.
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EVOLUTION CONNECTION One opponent of the moviemonster Godzilla is Mothra, a mothlike creature with awingspan of several dozen meters. The largest known insectswere Paleozoic dragonflies with half-meter wingspans. Focusingon respiration and gas exchange, explain why giant insects areimprobable.
O The toxin causes inappropriate firing of neurons leading to periods of rapid twitching that infected individuals experience as summation
leading to tetanus.
QUESTION 6
Mammalian lungs are very different in structure compared to amphibian lungs. The lungs of mammals have highly complex branching patterns of
airways. The lungs of amphibians are simpler and more sac-like. Over all, the lungs of mammals are capable of much greater rates of gas
exchange compared to amphibians. Why is this?
O The more complex structure provides more surface area across which gas exchange can occur.
O A complex structure means that gases have more contact time with gases compared to a simpler structure.
O Mammalian lungs are usually much bigger relative to their bodies compared to amphibian lungs.
O The respiratory membranes of mammals are able to diffuse gases across them much faster than amphibians.
QUESTION 7
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One of the many mutant opponents that the movie monster Godzilla contends with is Mothra, a giant mothlike creature with a wingspan of 7-8 m. Science fiction creatures like these can be critiqued on the grounds of biomechanical and physio- logical principles. Focusing on the principles of gas exchange that you learned about in this chapter, what prob- lems would Mothra face? Why do you think truly giant insects are improbable?
Chapter 42 Solutions
IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.1 - Three-chambered hearts with incomplete septa were...Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.2 - Explain why blood has a higher 02 concentration in...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.4 - Explain why a physician might order a white cell...
Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 42.5 - Why is an internal location for gas exchange...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Describe similarities in the...Ch. 42.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.7 - What determines whether O2 and CO2 undergo net...Ch. 42.7 - How does the Bohr shift help deliver O2 to very...Ch. 42.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42 - How does the flow of a fluid in a closed...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.2CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.3CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.4CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.5CRCh. 42 - How does air in the lungs differ from the fresh...Ch. 42 - How are the roles of a respiratory pigment and an...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 42 - Blood returning to the mammalian heart in a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 42 - When you hold your breath, which of the following...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 42 - DRAW IT Plot blood pressure against time for one...Ch. 42 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION One opponent of the movie...Ch. 42 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 42 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Some athletes...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13TYU
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- EVOLUTION LINK Aquatic mammals such as whales and dolphins use lungs rather than gills for gas exchange. Propose a hypothesis to explain why.arrow_forwardQUESTION 2 Briefly describe the mechanism involved to maximize the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange in a fish.arrow_forwardLike typical fish, the crocodile icefish still need and use oxygen for metabolism. Explain why only fish that evolved to live in cold waters, like the crocodile icefish, could lose hemoglobin? ( unlike terrestrial organisms, marine organisms like fish use oxygen dissolved in water.)arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT a feature of a gas-exchange organ in animals? A. low surface area for gas exchange B. moist C. thin, delicate structure D. extensive blood flowarrow_forwardSome patients with severe emphysema have constant high levels of carbon dioxide because of inadequate ventilation. The central nervous system breathing center in these patients becomes insensitive to carbon dioxide and more dependent on the level of oxygen, which is low. These patients are said to have “oxygen-dependent respiratory drive". What might happen if you give such a person high levels of supplemental oxygen? Essay Toolbar navigation BIU S > > > !!!arrow_forwardWhen researchers first discovered that airflow through a bird’s paleopulmonal parabronchi is unidirectional, the question arose as to whether gas exchange is countercurrent, cocurrent, or cross- current. Some ingenious investigators carried out experiments in which they measured the efficiency of gas exchange between air and blood in duck lungs when parabronchial airflow was in its normal direction and when the direction of parabronchial airflow was artificially reversed. The efficiency did not change. How is this evidence against countercurrent and cocurrent gas exchange? How is this evidence for cross-current exchange?arrow_forward
- Animals breathe in air that contains more oxygen than the air they breathe out. Where is oxygen consumed?arrow_forwardBecause flight is metabolically demanding, birds have very efficient systems that help to meet these demands. Look at the following list of characteristics and choose those that contribute to the physiological demands of flight. One-way airflow respiration Endothermy Large heart Nucleated red blood cells Slow heart rate Two-cycle lung ventilation Air sacs Separate pulmonary / systemic circulation Air capillariesarrow_forwardTrue or False: By comparing the evaginated respiratory structures of aquatic organisms (e.g. gills, skin folds) with the invaginated respiratory structures of terrestrial organisms (below), we can conclude that invaginated lungs and tracheal systems are an adaptation to terrestrial life.arrow_forward
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