Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 42.3, Problem 2CC
WHAT IF? Detritivores are consumers that obtain their energy from detritus. How many joules of energy are potentially available to detritivores in the ecosystem represented in Figure 42.10?
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Chapter 42 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 42.1 - Why is the transfer of energy in an ecosystem...Ch. 42.1 - WHAT IF? You are studying nitrogen cycling on the...Ch. 42.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Use the second law of...Ch. 42.2 - Why is only a small portion of the solar energy...Ch. 42.2 - How can ecologists experimentally determine the...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 42.3 - If an insect that eats plant seeds containing 100...Ch. 42.3 - WHAT IF? Detritivores are consumers that obtain...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.5 - How do bioremediation and biological augmentation...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 42 - Which of these ecosystems has the lowest net...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 42 - Which of the following has the greatest effect on...Ch. 42 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 42 - INTERPRET THE DATA Draw a simplified global water...Ch. 42 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Using two neighboring ponds in...Ch. 42 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 42 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATIER Decomposition typically...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Thinking Critically Does the ocean provide a substantial percentage of all protein needed in human nutrition? Of all animal protein? What is the most valuable biological resource? The fastestgrowing fishery?arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Predict how the results would change if water samples weredrawn from areas where new duck farms had greatly increased the amountof pollution in the water. Explain.arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Why is nutrient availability in a tropical rainforest particularly vulnerable to logging?arrow_forward
- Q1: What percentage of the original 10,000 Kilocalories is available to a shark that might eat the tuna in this figure? Q2: What trophic level and term would describe a predator of tuna? Q3: Give an example of a primary consumer in a terrestrial environment.arrow_forwardFood Web Construction Directions: Construct a food web using the following organisms (grass,leaves,owl, snake,grasshopper,hawk,bird,caterpillar,rabbit) Use Words to Construct. And answer the question that follow 1What is/are the producer(s) in the food web? 2What organism(s) feed directly on plants? 3What is/are the secondary consumer(s) in the food web? 4What is/are the tertiary consumer(s) in the food web?arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Suppose a new fishery is discovered, andyou are put in charge of developing it sustainably. Whatecological data might you want on the fish population? What criteria would you apply for the fishery’sdevelopment?arrow_forward
- Q1: How is a decomposer different from a more typical consumer? Q2: What is the difference between how carbon is brought into the biotic portion of the ecosystem, and how other nutrients, such as phosphorus, are brought in? Q3: Describe all the points at which heat is lost in this figure.arrow_forwardQuestiion: A given ecosystem has the following amounts of energy available at each trophic level: Primary producers: 3,000 gC/m2/day; Primary consumers: 450 gC/m2/day; Secondary consumers: 45 gC/m2/day; Tertiary consumers: 2.25 gC/m2/day. Does this ecosystem follow Lindeman’s Law for ecological efficiency? A- No, the average efficiency is 20% B- Yes, the average efficiency is 20% C- Yes, the average efficiency is 10% D- No, the average efficiency is 10%arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Mice that experience stress such as a foodshortage will sometimes abandon their young. Explainhow this behavior might have evolved in the context ofreproductive trade-offs and life history.arrow_forward
- -Assume that humans are the second-level carnivores and that each energy unit in their level represents 25 people. How many people can be supported in the ecosystem? -Assume that we eat herbivores only. As first-level carnivores, how many humans can now be supported in the ecosystem? -If we ate plants only, how many human could be supported by the ecosystem? -If we ate plants only, what would happen to the amounts of energy available for the other herbivores and carnivores in the ecosystem? -Let's look at energy conversion another way. It takes about 0.5 kg of meat to support a human for one day. Assuming that beef is the only available nutrient, how much meat energy (kilograms of meat) will it take to get you to 20 years old? -How much plant energy (kilograms of plant) will it take to feed the beef that gets you to 20 years old? (Refer to question #5.) -Your digestive system is very efficient at digesting meat, but is not as efficient at getting all of the available…arrow_forwardPLEASE HELP AND PLEASE ANSWER IT ALL! A. Using trophic levels and the food chain explain how energy flows through an ecosystem. B. What is different about how matter flows through an ecosystem compared to energy? C. Why does top predators or tertiary consumers have more toxins per gram of tissue than primary consumers? D. How can endotherms control their energy expenditures? (speed up or slow down)arrow_forwardThe average efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is 10%. Use this efficiency to determine how much phytoplankton mass is required to add just 1 gram (0.04 ounce) of new mass to a killer whale, which is a third-level or top carnivore. Create a diagram that summarizes the different trophic levels and the relative size and abundance of organisms at each level. How would your answer change if the efficiency were half the average rate? Twice the average rate?arrow_forward
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