Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4.3, Problem 1BC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The type of movement occurring during muscle contraction.
Introduction: Muscles are attached to tendons and bones, and shortening of muscles is required in order to facilitate movements, but muscles are not required to move during contraction. Muscle fibers are bound together in bundles through successive connective tissue layers and the force from contracting the muscle is transmitted to the bones causing movement.
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VISUAL SKILLS What will happen in a muscle cell thathas used up its supply of oxygen and ATP? (ReviewFigures 9.18 and 9.20.)
Human Anatomy & Physiology I (BIO168)
Sequence of Events for Muscle Contraction
Practice Worksheet
See if you can place the events that occur during muscle contraction and relaxation in their proper order. Insert numbers in the paces provided to order the events in the proper sequence.
_____ A. An electrical impulse travels over the sarcolemma and inward along the T-tubules, causing sacs in the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium.
____ B. The release of ACh stops and acetylcholinesterase breaks down any remaining ACh.
_____ C. Troponin and tropomyosin prevent the myosin heads from grasping the thin filament, and the muscle fiber relaxes.
_____ D. An electrical impulse causes small vesicles at the end of a motor neuron to release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh).
_____ E. Calcium binds with the troponin on the actin filament, exposing attachment points.
_____ F. ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft, where it stimulates receptors in the…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1BCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2BCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1BC
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.4 - The Nucleus and Endomembrane System Experimental...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2EQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.5 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Figure...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - The cell theory states that a. all living things...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYCh. 4 - Prob. 4TYCh. 4 - Each of the following is part of the endomembrane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYCh. 4 - Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYCh. 4 - Which of the following observations would not be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CQCh. 4 - Explain how motor proteins and cytoskeletal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Discuss the roles of the genome and proteome in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Discuss "the basal lamina of muscle fibers serves as a molecular bulletin board, in which adjoining cells can post messages that direct the differentiation and function of the underlying cells".arrow_forwardtrue or false 6. Muscle cells are mesenchymal in origin.7. Myomesin binds to titin molecules and connects adjacent thick filaments to one another.8. FOG fibers are adapted for maintaining posture and for aerobic, endurance-type activities.9. Hemoglobin is the red-colored protein found in muscles.10. The narrow region in the center of each A band that contains thick filaments is the H zone.arrow_forwardWe move a lot and do not even realize how intricate these movements may be from gross motor to fine motor manipulations. Briefly explain the steps involved in a single muscle contraction beginning at the neuromuscular junction through one complete contraction and relaxation for the sliding filament theory. Don’t forget to include all the major proteins (actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin) involved as well as calcium and ATP.arrow_forward
- Analyse the role of antagonist, agonist and synergist muscle and their contractions.arrow_forwardVISUAL SKILLS Describe how the two functional domains of the MyoDprotein relate to the two polypeptide subunitsarrow_forwardExplain the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, including the following parts; thich (myosion) filaments, thin (actin) filaments, myosin heads, tropomyosin, troponin, ATP, active sites, calcium.arrow_forward
- Discuss the functions of muscle proteins (8 or more) and give an example for each.arrow_forwardDemonstrate your understanding of the anatomy, organisation and function of the muscular system by: • Outlining the structure of muscle tissue types, muscle cells and connective tissues. • Explaining the contraction of striated muscle fibres (Sliding Filament theory).arrow_forwardIllustrate the tension generated during isometric contractions of muscle fiber in response to multiple stimuli?arrow_forward
- Can you match the sacromere anatomy with the proper answer from the list below the table graph? Sarcomere Anatomy Description/Reaction Thin Filaments ? Thick Filaments ? A Band ? I Band ? M Line ? H Zone ? Z Disc ? A) G-Actin, F-Actin, Troponin, Tropomyosin B) Myosin C) Bisected by the M Line, this area shows only the thick filaments without any thin filamentous overlap D) The point of origin for myosin filaments found in the center of the sarcomere E) An area in the center of the sarcomere marked by the entire length of the thick filaments F) A space between sarcomeres with the z-disc in the center; this region shows Actin's anchorage points and extension without myosin overlap G) Anchoring point for the thin filamentsarrow_forward17. Which of the following choices is CORRECT? A Myofibrils extend the length of a muscle fibre B. sarcomeres in series make up the length of a myofibnil C. The M-line is part of the cytoskeleton that anchors the myosin filaments, stabilizing the sarcomere D. The ends of the actin filaments are anchored to the Z-line or disk E All of the above F. Both C and Darrow_forwardEvaluate and Synthesize 9. INTERPRET DATA Examine Figure 40-13. Based on the summation of two stimuli shown in that graph, draw a curve showing summation when the muscle fiber is stimulated three times. Figure 40-13 Summation and tetanusarrow_forward
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